posts_gdocs: 1WQYUQCE4IJ_crPxJaPQCcD5XsjihUdswKh0XPa4w9SA
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| id | slug | type | content | published | createdAt | publishedAt | updatedAt | publicationContext | revisionId | breadcrumbs | markdown | title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1WQYUQCE4IJ_crPxJaPQCcD5XsjihUdswKh0XPa4w9SA | environmental-impacts-of-food | topic-page | {
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"text": "Agriculture has a significant environmental impact in three key ways.",
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"text": "Finally, agriculture has a massive impact on the world\u2019s environment due to its enormous ",
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"text": ". Half of the world\u2019s habitable land is used for agriculture.",
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"text": "Large parts of the world that were once covered by ",
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"text": " and wildlands are now used for agriculture. This loss of natural habitat has been the main driver for reducing the world\u2019s ",
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"text": "can rebound",
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"text": " if we reduce agricultural land use and allow natural lands to restore.",
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"text": "Ensuring everyone has access to a nutritious diet sustainably is one of the most significant challenges we face. On this page, you can find our data, visualizations, and writing relating to the environmental impacts of food.",
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"heading": "Key insights on the Environmental Impacts of Food",
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"title": "Food production has a large environmental impact in several ways",
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"text": "What are the environmental impacts of food and agriculture?",
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"text": "The visualization here shows a summary of some of the main global impacts:",
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"text": " (26%) of global greenhouse gas emissions.",
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"text": "70% of global freshwater withdrawals are used for agriculture",
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"text": "78% of global ocean and freshwater eutrophication is caused by agriculture.",
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"text": "94% of non-human mammal biomass is livestock. This means livestock outweigh wild mammals by a factor of 15-to-1.",
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"text": " This share is 97% when only land-based mammals are included.",
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"text": "71% of bird biomass is poultry livestock. This means poultry livestock outweigh wild birds by a factor of more than 3-to-1.",
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"text": "Tackling what we eat, and how we produce our food, plays a key role in tackling climate change, reducing water stress and pollution, restoring lands back to forests or grasslands, and protecting the world\u2019s wildlife.",
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"text": "Around half of the world\u2019s habitable land is used for agriculture. Habitable land is land that is ice- and desert-free. This is what the visualization shows.",
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"text": "Agricultural land is the sum of pasture used for livestock grazing, and cropland used for direct human consumption and animal feed.",
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"text": "Agriculture is, therefore, the world\u2019s largest land user, taking up more area than forests, or wild grasslands.",
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"text": "Three-quarters of this agricultural land is used for livestock, which is pasture plus cropland used for the production of animal feed. This gives the world just 18% of global calories, and 37% of its protein. The other quarter of land is for crops for human consumption, which provide the majority of the world's calories and protein.",
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"text": "Other studies find similar distributions of global land: in an analysis of how humans have transformed global land use in recent centuries, Ellis et al. (2010) found that by 2000, 55% of Earth\u2019s ice-free (not simply habitable) land had been converted into cropland, pasture, and urban areas.",
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"text": "The study by Joseph Poore and Thomas Nemecek (2018) estimates that 43% of ice- and desert-free land is used for agriculture. 83% of this is used for animal-sourced foods.",
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"text": "The difference in these figures is often due to the uncertainty of the size of \u2018rangelands\u2019. Rangelands are grasslands, shrublands, woodlands, wetlands, and deserts that are grazed by domestic livestock or wild animals. The intensity of grazing on rangelands can vary a lot. That can make it difficult to accurately quantify how much rangelands are used for grazing, and therefore how much is used for food production.",
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"text": "But as the review above showed, despite this uncertainty, most analyses tend to converge on an estimate of close to half of habitable land being used for agriculture.",
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"text": "Food systems are responsible for around one-quarter (26%) of global greenhouse gas emissions.",
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"text": ". Ruminant livestock \u2013 mainly cattle \u2013 for example, produce methane through their digestive processes. Manure and pasture management also fall into this category.",
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"text": "Other studies estimate that an even larger fraction \u2013 up to one-third \u2013 of the world's greenhouse gas emissions come from food production.",
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"text": " These differences come from the inclusion of non-food agricultural products \u2013 such as textiles, biofuels, and industrial crops \u2013 plus uncertainties in food waste and land use emissions.",
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"text": "Environmental impacts are calculated based on life-cycle analyses that consider impacts across the supply chain, including land use change, on-farm emissions, the production of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, food processing, transport, packaging, and retail.",
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"text": "Michael Clark and colleagues modeled the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that would be emitted from food systems this century across a range of scenarios.",
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"text": "In a business-as-usual scenario, the authors expect the world to emit around 1356 billion tonnes of CO",
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"text": "As the visualization shows, this would take us well beyond the carbon budget for 1.5\u00b0C \u2013 we would emit two to three times more than this budget. And it would consume almost all of our budget for 2\u00b0C.",
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"text": "Even if we stopped burning fossil fuels tomorrow \u2013 an impossibility \u2013 we would still go well beyond our 1.5\u00b0C target, and nearly miss our 2\u00b0C target.",
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1 | 2024-06-12 14:50:53 | 2022-12-02 15:52:13 | 1970-01-01 00:00:00 | unlisted | ALBJ4LuPB-9AFX_LRGX5_2QzTm_0y4lIsu4rc1UOZgy1jd4-_2ljgpV8aGrdvbEmg1p50sFjE8KZE_6lfqeY7w | Environmental Impacts of Food Production |