posts_gdocs: 1t40rD1GaWXDn9ESSFP92Fw07wZgssedL4PyNuYN66Yk
Data license: CC-BY
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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"byline": "Joe Hasell, Matthieu Bergel",
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1 | 2023-05-05 08:18:38 | 2023-06-16 14:10:45 | 2023-12-28 16:31:12 | unlisted | ANeT5PThuDGrnM-PpsgwyuDZ7iftJQSmHXQHjTMBrGgVy3zrStXY_Yc1VEVNpv48wZK7X77maNmG4iSi5kQ9wQ | # keyInfoText * Consumption-based emissions attribute the emissions generated in the production of goods and services according to where they were _consumed_, rather than where they were _produced_. * The data is calculated by adjusting ‘production-based’ emissions (emissions produced domestically) for trade: Consumption-based emissions equals production-based emissions, _minus_ emissions embedded in exports, _plus_ emissions embedded in imports. If a country's consumption-based emissions are higher than its production emissions it is a net importer of carbon dioxide. If its consumption-based emissions are lower, then it is a net exporter. * Per capita emissions represent the emissions of an average person in a country or region – they are total emissions divided by population. * Consumption-based emissions are not available for all countries because not all countries have sufficient, high-quality trade data. But those without complete data are a small fraction (3%) of the global total. * This data measures Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from fossil fuels and industry and does not include emissions from land use change, deforestation, soils, or vegetation. * Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included in any country or region’s emissions. They are only included in the global total emissions. # descriptionFromSource # faqs ## Are emissions from aviation and shipping included? Emissions from domestic aviation and shipping are included in each country’s total. Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included in any country or region’s total. This is because there is no international agreement on how these emissions should be allocated: should they, for example, be allocated to the country of origin or destination? In our [related article](https://ourworldindata.org/carbon-footprint-flying) we look at a separate dataset on emissions from aviation. They are, however, included in the global total. You also [find it here](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-co-emissions-by-region) as a separate category. ## Why are consumption-based emissions only available from 1990? Why are they not available for all countries? To calculate consumption-based emissions we need detailed trade data between countries and the emissions intensity (the amount of CO2 emitted per dollar spent) across many industries and sectors in each country. Prior to 1990, there is insufficient high-quality, high-resolution data to produce these calculations. For this same reason – insufficient high-resolution trade data – it is not currently possible to calculate consumption-based emissions for all countries. It is mostly high-income and major economies that are included. Consumption-based emissions also always lag production-based emissions by one year. For example, when production-based emissions for 2020 were released, the latest year for consumption-based emissions was 2019. This is because the required resolution of trade data was not yet available for 2020. # _OLDdatasetDescription _ This is a collection of data about CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions, at the national and global level, prepared by Our World in Data based on data published by the Global Carbon Project. The Global Carbon Project is an organisation that seeks to quantify global greenhouse gas emissions and their causes. The annually published Global Carbon Budget is a report produced by a community researchers to announce a global carbon budget quantifying carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the prior year. The dataset is available at [https://globalcarbonbudget.org/archive/](https://globalcarbonbudget.org/archive/) . All documentation can be found in P. Friedlingstein et al., Global Carbon Budget 2022, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4811-4900, 2022: [https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022](https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022) Notes on the preparation of this dataset: * We ingest the original data from various files produced by the Global Carbon Project. * We harmonize country names and create region aggregates following our definitions. * Each country's share of the global population is calculated using Our World in Data’s population dataset, based on different sources. * Data on global emissions has been converted by Our World in Data from tonnes of carbon to tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂) using a conversion factor of 3.664. * Our World in Data have renamed bunker fuels as "International transport" for improved clarity, which includes emissions from international aviation and shipping. * Variables include each country, region and World Bank income group's share of the global population; production-based (territorial); and consumption-based (trade-adjusted) carbon dioxide emissions. * Emissions from the Kuwaiti oil fires in 1991 have been included as part of Kuwait's emissions for that year. # variableProcessingInfo The emissions data provided by the source is expressed in tonnes of carbon. We convert this to tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂) using a conversion factor of 3.664 (the mass of one CO2 molecule relative to that of a carbon atom). We calculate emissions per capita using _Our World in Data’s_ reference population dataset. # sourceDescription1 _The Global Carbon Budget 2022 has over 105 contributors from 80 organisations and 18 countries. It was founded by the Global Carbon Project international science team to track the trends in global carbon emissions and sinks and is a key measure of progress towards the goals of the Paris Agreement. It’s widely recognised as the most comprehensive report of its kind. The 2022 report was published at COP27 in Egypt on Friday 11th November._ [Text from_ _[Global Carbon Budget website](https://globalcarbonbudget.org/carbonbudget/)] The dataset is available at [https://globalcarbonbudget.org/archive/](https://globalcarbonbudget.org/archive/). Documentation of the dataset can be found in P. Friedlingstein et al., Global Carbon Budget 2022, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 4811-4900, 2022: [https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022](https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022). # sourceDescription2 Many population datasets cover a specific period – for example, the UN publishes data from 1950 onwards. However, few maintain very long-term datasets that are continually updated to the present day. Our team builds and maintains a long-run dataset on population by country, region, and for the world, based on three key sources: * 10,000 BCE to 1799: [HYDE version 3.2](https://www.pbl.nl/en/image/links/hyde) * 1800 to 1949: Gapminder’s [Population version 7](https://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd003) * 1950 onwards: [UN World Population Prospects (2022)](https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Population) * For former countries: Gapminder’s [Systema Globalis](https://github.com/open-numbers/ddf--gapminder--systema_globalis) In all sources we rely on, historical population estimates are based on today’s geographical borders. You can find the complete list of the sources used for each particular country and year [here](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/sources-population-dataset). The scripts that produce this long-run dataset can be accessed [in our GitHub repository](https://github.com/owid/etl/tree/master/etl/steps/data/garden/demography/2023-03-31/population). | Data page texts – Per capita consumption-based CO₂ emissions | Global Carbon Project |