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| 34902 | Electricity Mix | electricity-mix | page | publish | <!-- wp:html --> <!-- formatting-options subnavId:energy subnavCurrentId:electricity-mix --> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Electricity is one of three components that make up total energy production. The other two are transport and heating.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>As we see in more detail in this article, the breakdown of sources – coal, oil, gas, nuclear and renewables – is different in the electricity versus the energy mix. Generally, low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) account for a larger share in our electricity mix than our total energy mix.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This means it's important to distinguish between the two. In another page we provide the full breakdown of the <em><a href="http://ourworldindata.org/energy-mix">Energy Mix</a></em>. But in this article we focus on the <em>Electricity Mix</em>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Where do we get our electricity from? Which countries have the cleanest electricity grids? In this article we look at the breakdown across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Electricity is only one part of total energy – decarbonizing electricity is only one step towards a low-carbon energy system</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp-block-tombstone 36075 --> <!-- wp:columns --> <div class="wp-block-columns"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Solar and wind generation are growing quickly across the world. This is, of course, good news as we try to shift our energy systems away from fossil fuels.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Such progress often makes the headlines. Here is one example from this year:</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>→ <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/clean-energy-fossil-fuels-national-grid-2019-statistics-latest-a9266116.html">More UK energy is coming from clean sources than fossil fuels for the first time ever, National Grid announces</a> <em>(Independent, 2020)</em></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>At first glance, we might think that we are edging close to a fossil-free energy system. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Unfortunately, many of these headlines are misleading.{ref}The headline in <em>The Independent</em> newspaper claims that in the UK more energy came from low-carbon sources than fossil fuels in 2019. As we see from <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/sub-energy-fossil-renewables-nuclear?country=~GBR">this chart</a> – which looks at the breakdown of the UK energy mix – almost 80% of the UK’s energy came from fossil fuels, and only 20% from ‘clean sources’. The author probably meant to speak only of ‘UK electricity’, which as my post here illustrates, is not the same thing.{/ref} The Independent made the mistake of using the terms <em>electricity</em> and <em>energy</em> interchangeably, when they are actually not the same thing. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Electricity (or ‘power’) is just one component of total energy consumption. The other two components being transport and heating.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>When we see headlines about our progress on decarbonization, the quoted figures often refer to electricity. Many countries are making progress on clean electricity, but progress on energy as a whole is much slower.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Let’s compare the breakdown of the global energy and electricity mix – these are shown in the chart. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>We see a large difference between the share that comes from low-carbon sources. Nuclear and renewables account for more than one-third (36.7%) of global <em>electricity</em>. But they account for less than half that figure (15.7%) of the global <em>energy</em> mix. This is because the other elements of the energy demand – transport and heating – rely much more heavily on fossil fuels.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>But there is another aspect to consider. The fact that transport and heating are harder to decarbonize, clean electricity will become ever-more important. Many solutions rely on us electrifying other parts of the energy system – such as shifting to electric vehicles. The <em>International Energy Agency</em>, for example, <a href="https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2020">projects that by 2030</a>, global electricity demand for electric vehicles will increase five- to eleven-fold from levels in 2019. If we are to reap the climate benefits of electric vehicles, this electricity needs to be as low-carbon as possible.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>But when we see headlines on progress in decarbonizing the electricity sector we need to remember that it is just one part of the energy story. If we don’t, we risk falling into a false sense of progress and let leaders, governments and companies boast targets that are not nearly ambitious enough.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:image {"id":35659,"sizeSlug":"large"} --> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img src="https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-800x423.png" alt="" class="wp-image-35659"/></figure> <!-- /wp:image --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Where does our electricity come from?</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-side-by-side"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>What sources make up our electricity mix? How much comes from coal, oil, gas, and how much from nuclear, hydropower, solar or wind?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the interactive charts shown here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by source. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>The stacked area chart shows electricity production in absolute terms. It allows you see how these sources sum up. The line chart shows each source's <em>share</em> of the total, and gives a better perspective on how each is changing over time. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Globally we see that coal, followed by gas, is the largest source of electricity production. Of the low-carbon sources, hydropower and nuclear make the largest contribution; although wind and solar are growing quickly. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>If we look at the electricity mix of particular countries <em>[you can do this using the "Change country" button on the bottom-left of the chart]</em> we can see dramatic changes in over time. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Take the UK as an example: there <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-production-by-source?country=~GBR">we see a dramatic decline</a> in the role of coal in its electricity mix. In the late 1980s, coal account for more than 60% of electricity production. By 2021 this had fallen to 2%.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4><strong>How you can interact with these chart</strong>s</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li>On these charts you see the button <strong>Change Country </strong>in the bottom left corner – with this option you can switch the chart to any other country in the world.</li><li>By ticking the 'Relative' box in the bottom left corner of the stacked area chart you can switch to see each source's share of the total.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:paragraph {"placeholder":"Enter help content..."} --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/help --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-side-by-side"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-prod-source-stacked" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related chart:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Electricity production by source [as a line chart]","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-production-by-source","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>See the breakdown of electricity production by source, shown as a line chart.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-elec-by-source" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-side-by-side"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the charts here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by country. First with the higher-level breakdown by fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables. Then with the specific breakdown by source, including coal, gas, oil, nuclear, bioenergy, hydro, solar, wind and other renewables (which include wave and tidal).</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This is given in terms of per capita consumption. Using the toggle on the interactive charts you can also see the percentage breakdown for each source using the 'Relative' tickbox.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-side-by-side"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-electricity-fossil-nuclear-renewables?country=OWID_WRL~CHN~IND~USA~GBR~FRA~AUS~SWE~ZAF~JPN~BRA" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-electricity-source-stacked?country=OWID_WRL~CHN~IND~USA~JPN~DEU~GBR~BRA~FRA~CAN~SWE~ZAF~AUS" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>How much of our electricity comes from low-carbon sources?</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp-block-tombstone 36054 --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Around 16% of global <em>energy</em> (15.7% to be precise) comes from low-carbon sources – that is, the sum of nuclear energy and renewables.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>But energy and electricity are not the same – despite the fact that many people use these terms interchangeably. Electricity (sometimes referred to as ‘power’) is only a subset of total energy production, which also includes heating and transport.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How much of our electricity comes from low-carbon sources?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>37% of global electricity production comes from low-carbon sources</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the chart we see the percentage of global electricity production that comes from nuclear or renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydropower, wind and tidal and some biomass. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Globally, 36.7% of our electricity was low-carbon in 2019. More than one-third. The remaining two-thirds come from fossil fuels – mostly coal and gas.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This is more than double the share in the total energy mix, where nuclear and renewables only account for 15.7%. We looked at the comparison of the global <em>energy</em> and <em>electricity</em> mix <strong>here</strong>. When people quote a high number for the share of low-carbon energy in the electricity mix we need to be aware of the fact that electricity is only part of the energy equation. The share in the total energy mix is much smaller.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Disappointingly, the percentage of electricity that comes from low-carbon sources today is almost unchanged from the mid-1980s. In fact, throughout the early-2000s this share actually regressed. In the following section we will see that progress was slow because nuclear output declined at a time when renewables have been growing.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-low-carbon?tab=chart&country=~OWID_WRL"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Low-carbon electricity: around 26% of global electricity comes from renewables, and 10% from nuclear</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns --> <div class="wp-block-columns"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>What is the breakdown of our electricity supply in terms of fossil fuels, renewable energy and nuclear power?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, almost two-thirds (63.3%) of global electricity came from fossil fuels. Of the 36.7% from low-carbon sources, renewables accounted for 26.3% and nuclear energy for 10.4%.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>As we noted earlier, the relative contribution of fossil fuels and low-carbon electricity has been pretty stagnant for decades. In fact, in the early 2000s, fossil fuels even gained ground. Over this period, nuclear’s share declined whilst renewables grew. We see this in the chart. The progress made in renewables has been offset by a decline in nuclear energy; nuclear declined by almost as much as renewables gained.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-fossil-renewables-nuclear-line" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related chart:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Energy breakdown from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/elec-fossil-nuclear-renewables","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>What share of primary energy comes from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables? See the breakdown.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Some countries get most of their electricity from low-carbon sources</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Globally we get just over one-third of our electricity from low-carbon sources. But some countries get much more – some nearly all of it – from fossil-free sources.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the interactive map shown we see this share across the world. Some countries get over 90% of their electricity from nuclear or renewables – Sweden, Norway, France, Paraguay, Iceland, and Nepal, among others. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>You can explore the electricity mix – broken down by individual source – for countries in our work here. Nearly all of these countries have one thing in common: they get a lot of electricity from hydropower and/or nuclear energy. Solar, wind and other renewable technologies are growing quickly and will hopefully account for a large share of electricity production in the future – but the countries who have a low-carbon electricity mix today have relied heavily on hydroelectric and nuclear power in recent years.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>We must take these country-level examples and learn from them. In the years to come, accelerating the transition to clean electricity will become ever-more important as we electrify other parts of the energy system too (shifting to electric vehicles, for example). We will need to rely on low-carbon electricity, and lots of it.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-low-carbon"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Carbon intensity of electricity</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-intensity-electricity" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Carbon intensity of electricity measures the amount of CO2 that is produced per unit of electricity. It is measured as the grams of CO2 produced per kilowatt-hour (kWh).</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Countries which get a large share of their electricity from low-carbon sources (renewables and nuclear) will have a lower carbon intensity.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the carbon intensity of electricity across Europe. <a href="https://ember-climate.org/">Ember</a> – our key electricity data source – currently only provides carbon intensity data for the EU-27 countries, plus the United Kingdom.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Electricity production by source</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Fossil fuels:</strong> what share of electricity comes from fossil fuels?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-fossil-fuels" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related content:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Fossil fuels","linkUrl":"ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore our work on Fossil Fuels.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Fossil fuels are the sum of coal, oil and gas. Combined, they are the largest source of global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). We therefore need to transition away from them.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas summed together) across the world. Oil accounts for only a small share of electricity production – most come from coal and gas. The share from coal and gas individually can be found in the sections below.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Three tips on how to interact with this map</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li>By clicking on any country on the map you see the change over time in this country.</li><li>By moving the time slider (below the map) you can see how the global situation has changed over time.</li><li>You can focus on a particular world region using the dropdown menu to the top-right of the map.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- /wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Coal:</strong> what share of electricity comes from coal?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-coal" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Coal is currently the largest source of electricity globally. For many countries remains the dominant source. But, we also see that others have seen a massive shift away from coal in recent years – the UK is <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/death-uk-coal">one such example</a>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from coal across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Gas:</strong> what share of electricity comes from gas?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-gas" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Gas is now the second largest source of electricity production globally. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Its contribution is growing quickly in many countries as they substitute it for coal in the electricity mix. From a climate perspective, this transition is positive since gas typically <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-dioxide-emissions-factor">emits less CO<sub>2</sub></a> per unit of energy. But, we still ultimately want to shift away from gas towards low-carbon sources such as renewables and nuclear.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from gas across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Nuclear:</strong> what share of electricity comes from nuclear?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-nuclear" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related content:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Nuclear energy","linkUrl":"ourworldindata.org/nuclear-energy","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore our work on Nuclear Energy.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Nuclear has played a key role in low-carbon electricity production for decades. In some countries it is one of – if not, the single – largest source of electricity. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>For example, France gets more than 70% of its electricity from nuclear power. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from nuclear across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>By clicking on a given country you can see how this share has changed over time. In some countries we see a dramatic decline in nuclear's role as plants have been taken offline. Japan is an <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-nuclear?tab=chart&country=~JPN">obvious example</a> of this.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Renewables:</strong> what share of electricity comes from renewables?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related content:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Renewable energy","linkUrl":"ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore our work on Renewable Energy.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>'Renewables' combines multiple electricity sources, including hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and wave and tidal.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from renewables (the sum of all renewable energy technologies) across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>The share of electricity we get from individual renewable technologies – solar, or wind, for example – are given in the sections below.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Hydropower:</strong> what share of electricity comes from hydropower?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-hydro" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Hydropower makes a large contribution to low-carbon electricity across the world. Globally it accounts for around 17% of production.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from hydropower across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Solar:</strong> what share of electricity comes from solar?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from solar power across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Three tips on how to interact with this map</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li>By clicking on any country on the map you see the change over time in this country.</li><li>By moving the time slider (below the map) you can see how the global situation has changed over time.</li><li>You can focus on a particular world region using the dropdown menu to the top-right of the map.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:paragraph {"placeholder":"Enter help content..."} --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/help --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3><strong>Wind:</strong> what share of electricity comes from wind?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-wind" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Wind accounts for just 5% to 6% of global electricity production. But wind generation has been growing rapidly in many countries across the world in recent years.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from wind across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Explore more of our work on Energy</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp-block-tombstone 41045 --> <!-- wp:owid/grid --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/energy","mediaId":39373,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured.png","mediaAlt":"COVID-19 data explorer"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore all the metrics – energy production, electricity consumption, and breakdown of fossil fuels, renewable and nuclear energy.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/energy#country-profiles","mediaId":39372,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured.png","mediaAlt":"COVID-19 country profiles"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Get an overview of energy for any country on a single page.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://github.com/owid/energy-data","mediaId":39375,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured.png","mediaAlt":"download complete COVID-19 dataset"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Download our complete dataset of energy metrics on GitHub. It's open-access and free for anyone to use.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"title":"","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-access","mediaId":41041,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>See how access to electricity and clean cooking fuels vary across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-production-consumption","mediaId":41039,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore long-term changes in energy production and consumption across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/energy-mix","mediaId":41040,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How much of our energy comes from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear energy? See the breakdown of the energy mix.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/electricity-mix","mediaId":41042,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore the breakdown of the electricity mix and how this is changing.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/fossil-fuels","mediaId":41037,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>See the long-term changes in coal, oil and gas production and consumption.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/renewable-energy","mediaId":41035,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How quickly are countries scaling up the production of renewable technologies? Explore the data.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/nuclear-energy","mediaId":41036,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore the long-term changes in nuclear energy production across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"ourworldindata.org/transport","mediaId":45158,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore trends in transport technologies and emissions across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- /wp:owid/grid --> | {
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"text": "Electricity is one of three components that make up total energy production. The other two are transport and heating.",
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"text": "As we see in more detail in this article, the breakdown of sources \u2013 coal, oil, gas, nuclear and renewables \u2013 is different in the electricity versus the energy mix. Generally, low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) account for a larger share in our electricity mix than our total energy mix.",
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"text": "This means it's important to distinguish between the two. In another page we provide the full breakdown of the ",
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"text": "Where do we get our electricity from? Which countries have the cleanest electricity grids? In this article we look at the breakdown across the world.",
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"text": "Electricity is only one part of total energy \u2013 decarbonizing electricity is only one step towards a low-carbon energy system",
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"text": "Solar and wind generation are growing quickly across the world. This is, of course, good news as we try to shift our energy systems away from fossil fuels.",
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"text": "Such progress often makes the headlines. Here is one example from this year:",
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"text": "\u2192 ",
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"url": "https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/clean-energy-fossil-fuels-national-grid-2019-statistics-latest-a9266116.html",
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"text": "More UK energy is coming from clean sources than fossil fuels for the first time ever, National Grid announces",
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"text": "At first glance, we might think that we are edging close to a fossil-free energy system.\u00a0",
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"text": "Unfortunately, many of\u00a0 these headlines are misleading.{ref}The headline in ",
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"text": " newspaper claims that in the UK more energy came from low-carbon sources than fossil fuels in 2019. As we see from ",
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"text": " \u2013 which looks at the breakdown of the UK energy mix \u2013 almost 80% of the UK\u2019s energy came from fossil fuels, and only 20% from \u2018clean sources\u2019. The author probably meant to speak only of \u2018UK electricity\u2019, which as my post here illustrates, is not the same thing.{/ref} \u00a0The Independent made the mistake of using the terms ",
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"text": "Electricity (or \u2018power\u2019) is just one component of total energy consumption. The other two components being transport and heating.",
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"text": "When we see headlines about our progress on decarbonization, the quoted figures often refer to electricity. Many countries are making progress on clean electricity, but progress on energy as a whole is much slower.",
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"text": "Let\u2019s compare the breakdown of the global energy and electricity mix \u2013 these are shown in the chart.\u00a0",
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"text": "We see a large difference between the share that comes from low-carbon sources. Nuclear and renewables account for more than one-third (36.7%) of global ",
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"text": ". But they account for less than half that figure (15.7%) of the global ",
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"text": " mix. This is because the other elements of the energy demand \u2013 transport and heating \u2013 rely much more heavily on fossil fuels.",
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"text": "But there is another aspect to consider. The fact that transport and heating are harder to decarbonize, clean electricity will become ever-more important. Many solutions rely on us electrifying other parts of the energy system \u2013 such as shifting to electric vehicles. The ",
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"text": ", global electricity demand for electric vehicles will increase five- to eleven-fold from levels in 2019. If we are to reap the climate benefits of electric vehicles, this electricity needs to be as low-carbon as possible.",
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"text": "But when we see headlines on progress in decarbonizing the electricity sector we need to remember that it is just one part of the energy story. If we don\u2019t, we risk falling into a false sense of progress and let leaders, governments and companies boast targets that are not nearly ambitious enough.",
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"text": "What sources make up our electricity mix? How much comes from coal, oil, gas, and how much from nuclear, hydropower, solar or wind?",
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"text": "The stacked area chart shows electricity production in absolute terms. It allows you see how these sources sum up. The line chart shows each source's ",
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"text": "Globally we see that coal, followed by gas, is the largest source of electricity production. Of the low-carbon sources, hydropower and nuclear make the largest contribution; although wind and solar are growing quickly. ",
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"text": "In the charts here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by country. First with the higher-level breakdown by fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables. Then with the specific breakdown by source, including coal, gas, oil, nuclear, bioenergy, hydro, solar, wind and other renewables (which include wave and tidal).",
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"text": " (15.7% to be precise) comes from low-carbon sources \u2013 that is, the sum of nuclear energy and renewables.",
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"text": "But energy and electricity are not the same \u2013 despite the fact that many people use these terms interchangeably. Electricity (sometimes referred to as \u2018power\u2019) is only a subset of total energy production, which also includes heating and transport.",
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"text": "In the chart we see the percentage of global electricity production that comes from nuclear or renewable energy, such as solar, wind,\u00a0 hydropower, wind and tidal and some biomass.\u00a0",
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"text": ". When people quote a high number for the share of low-carbon energy in the electricity mix we need to be aware of the fact that electricity is only part of the energy equation. The share in the total energy mix is much smaller.",
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"text": "Disappointingly, the percentage of electricity that comes from low-carbon sources today is almost unchanged from the mid-1980s. In fact, throughout the early-2000s this share actually regressed. In the following section we will see that progress was slow because nuclear output declined at a time when renewables have been growing.",
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"text": "You can explore the electricity mix \u2013 broken down by individual source \u2013 for countries in our work here. Nearly all of these countries have one thing in common: they get a lot of electricity from hydropower and/or nuclear energy. Solar, wind and other renewable technologies are growing quickly and will hopefully account for a large share of electricity production in the future \u2013 but the countries who have a low-carbon electricity mix today have relied heavily on hydroelectric and nuclear power in recent years.",
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2020-07-10 14:02:38 | 2024-02-16 14:22:40 | 1CurlJ3WPVCNFyOUz_5e3NO7Fg-04tREuBnmu7uZrsho | [
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Electricity is one of three components that make up total energy production. The other two are transport and heating. As we see in more detail in this article, the breakdown of sources – coal, oil, gas, nuclear and renewables – is different in the electricity versus the energy mix. Generally, low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) account for a larger share in our electricity mix than our total energy mix. This means it's important to distinguish between the two. In another page we provide the full breakdown of the _[Energy Mix](http://ourworldindata.org/energy-mix)_. But in this article we focus on the _Electricity Mix_. Where do we get our electricity from? Which countries have the cleanest electricity grids? In this article we look at the breakdown across the world. ## Electricity is only one part of total energy – decarbonizing electricity is only one step towards a low-carbon energy system Solar and wind generation are growing quickly across the world. This is, of course, good news as we try to shift our energy systems away from fossil fuels. Such progress often makes the headlines. Here is one example from this year: → [More UK energy is coming from clean sources than fossil fuels for the first time ever, National Grid announces](https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/clean-energy-fossil-fuels-national-grid-2019-statistics-latest-a9266116.html)_(Independent, 2020)_ At first glance, we might think that we are edging close to a fossil-free energy system. Unfortunately, many of these headlines are misleading.{ref}The headline in _The Independent_ newspaper claims that in the UK more energy came from low-carbon sources than fossil fuels in 2019. As we see from [this chart](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/sub-energy-fossil-renewables-nuclear?country=~GBR) – which looks at the breakdown of the UK energy mix – almost 80% of the UK’s energy came from fossil fuels, and only 20% from ‘clean sources’. The author probably meant to speak only of ‘UK electricity’, which as my post here illustrates, is not the same thing.{/ref} The Independent made the mistake of using the terms _electricity_ and _energy_ interchangeably, when they are actually not the same thing. Electricity (or ‘power’) is just one component of total energy consumption. The other two components being transport and heating. When we see headlines about our progress on decarbonization, the quoted figures often refer to electricity. Many countries are making progress on clean electricity, but progress on energy as a whole is much slower. Let’s compare the breakdown of the global energy and electricity mix – these are shown in the chart. We see a large difference between the share that comes from low-carbon sources. Nuclear and renewables account for more than one-third (36.7%) of global _electricity_. But they account for less than half that figure (15.7%) of the global _energy_ mix. This is because the other elements of the energy demand – transport and heating – rely much more heavily on fossil fuels. But there is another aspect to consider. The fact that transport and heating are harder to decarbonize, clean electricity will become ever-more important. Many solutions rely on us electrifying other parts of the energy system – such as shifting to electric vehicles. The _International Energy Agency_, for example, [projects that by 2030](https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2020), global electricity demand for electric vehicles will increase five- to eleven-fold from levels in 2019. If we are to reap the climate benefits of electric vehicles, this electricity needs to be as low-carbon as possible. But when we see headlines on progress in decarbonizing the electricity sector we need to remember that it is just one part of the energy story. If we don’t, we risk falling into a false sense of progress and let leaders, governments and companies boast targets that are not nearly ambitious enough. <Image filename="Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown.png" alt=""/> ## Where does our electricity come from? What sources make up our electricity mix? How much comes from coal, oil, gas, and how much from nuclear, hydropower, solar or wind? In the interactive charts shown here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by source. The stacked area chart shows electricity production in absolute terms. It allows you see how these sources sum up. The line chart shows each source's _share_ of the total, and gives a better perspective on how each is changing over time. Globally we see that coal, followed by gas, is the largest source of electricity production. Of the low-carbon sources, hydropower and nuclear make the largest contribution; although wind and solar are growing quickly. If we look at the electricity mix of particular countries _[you can do this using the "Change country" button on the bottom-left of the chart]_ we can see dramatic changes in over time. Take the UK as an example: there [we see a dramatic decline](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-production-by-source?country=~GBR) in the role of coal in its electricity mix. In the late 1980s, coal account for more than 60% of electricity production. By 2021 this had fallen to 2%. #### **How you can interact with these chart**s * On these charts you see the button **Change Country **in the bottom left corner – with this option you can switch the chart to any other country in the world. * By ticking the 'Relative' box in the bottom left corner of the stacked area chart you can switch to see each source's share of the total. <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-prod-source-stacked"/> ##### Related chart: ### Electricity production by source [as a line chart] See the breakdown of electricity production by source, shown as a line chart. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-production-by-source <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-elec-by-source"/> In the charts here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by country. First with the higher-level breakdown by fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables. Then with the specific breakdown by source, including coal, gas, oil, nuclear, bioenergy, hydro, solar, wind and other renewables (which include wave and tidal). This is given in terms of per capita consumption. Using the toggle on the interactive charts you can also see the percentage breakdown for each source using the 'Relative' tickbox. <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-electricity-fossil-nuclear-renewables?country=OWID_WRL~CHN~IND~USA~GBR~FRA~AUS~SWE~ZAF~JPN~BRA"/> <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-electricity-source-stacked?country=OWID_WRL~CHN~IND~USA~JPN~DEU~GBR~BRA~FRA~CAN~SWE~ZAF~AUS"/> ## How much of our electricity comes from low-carbon sources? Around 16% of global _energy_ (15.7% to be precise) comes from low-carbon sources – that is, the sum of nuclear energy and renewables. But energy and electricity are not the same – despite the fact that many people use these terms interchangeably. Electricity (sometimes referred to as ‘power’) is only a subset of total energy production, which also includes heating and transport. How much of our electricity comes from low-carbon sources? #### 37% of global electricity production comes from low-carbon sources In the chart we see the percentage of global electricity production that comes from nuclear or renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydropower, wind and tidal and some biomass. Globally, 36.7% of our electricity was low-carbon in 2019. More than one-third. The remaining two-thirds come from fossil fuels – mostly coal and gas. This is more than double the share in the total energy mix, where nuclear and renewables only account for 15.7%. We looked at the comparison of the global _energy_ and _electricity_ mix **here**. When people quote a high number for the share of low-carbon energy in the electricity mix we need to be aware of the fact that electricity is only part of the energy equation. The share in the total energy mix is much smaller. Disappointingly, the percentage of electricity that comes from low-carbon sources today is almost unchanged from the mid-1980s. In fact, throughout the early-2000s this share actually regressed. In the following section we will see that progress was slow because nuclear output declined at a time when renewables have been growing. <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-low-carbon?tab=chart&country=~OWID_WRL"/> #### Low-carbon electricity: around 26% of global electricity comes from renewables, and 10% from nuclear What is the breakdown of our electricity supply in terms of fossil fuels, renewable energy and nuclear power? In 2019, almost two-thirds (63.3%) of global electricity came from fossil fuels. Of the 36.7% from low-carbon sources, renewables accounted for 26.3% and nuclear energy for 10.4%. As we noted earlier, the relative contribution of fossil fuels and low-carbon electricity has been pretty stagnant for decades. In fact, in the early 2000s, fossil fuels even gained ground. Over this period, nuclear’s share declined whilst renewables grew. We see this in the chart. The progress made in renewables has been offset by a decline in nuclear energy; nuclear declined by almost as much as renewables gained. <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-fossil-renewables-nuclear-line"/> ##### Related chart: ### Energy breakdown from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables What share of primary energy comes from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables? See the breakdown. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/elec-fossil-nuclear-renewables #### Some countries get most of their electricity from low-carbon sources Globally we get just over one-third of our electricity from low-carbon sources. But some countries get much more – some nearly all of it – from fossil-free sources. In the interactive map shown we see this share across the world. Some countries get over 90% of their electricity from nuclear or renewables – Sweden, Norway, France, Paraguay, Iceland, and Nepal, among others. You can explore the electricity mix – broken down by individual source – for countries in our work here. Nearly all of these countries have one thing in common: they get a lot of electricity from hydropower and/or nuclear energy. Solar, wind and other renewable technologies are growing quickly and will hopefully account for a large share of electricity production in the future – but the countries who have a low-carbon electricity mix today have relied heavily on hydroelectric and nuclear power in recent years. We must take these country-level examples and learn from them. In the years to come, accelerating the transition to clean electricity will become ever-more important as we electrify other parts of the energy system too (shifting to electric vehicles, for example). We will need to rely on low-carbon electricity, and lots of it. <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-low-carbon"/> ## Carbon intensity of electricity <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-intensity-electricity"/> Carbon intensity of electricity measures the amount of CO2 that is produced per unit of electricity. It is measured as the grams of CO2 produced per kilowatt-hour (kWh). Countries which get a large share of their electricity from low-carbon sources (renewables and nuclear) will have a lower carbon intensity. This interactive map shows the carbon intensity of electricity across Europe. [Ember](https://ember-climate.org/) – our key electricity data source – currently only provides carbon intensity data for the EU-27 countries, plus the United Kingdom. ## Electricity production by source ### **Fossil fuels:** what share of electricity comes from fossil fuels? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-fossil-fuels"/> ##### Related content: ### Fossil fuels Explore our work on Fossil Fuels. ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels Fossil fuels are the sum of coal, oil and gas. Combined, they are the largest source of global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). We therefore need to transition away from them. This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas summed together) across the world. Oil accounts for only a small share of electricity production – most come from coal and gas. The share from coal and gas individually can be found in the sections below. #### Three tips on how to interact with this map * By clicking on any country on the map you see the change over time in this country. * By moving the time slider (below the map) you can see how the global situation has changed over time. * You can focus on a particular world region using the dropdown menu to the top-right of the map. ### **Coal:** what share of electricity comes from coal? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-coal"/> Coal is currently the largest source of electricity globally. For many countries remains the dominant source. But, we also see that others have seen a massive shift away from coal in recent years – the UK is [one such example](https://ourworldindata.org/death-uk-coal). This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from coal across the world. ### **Gas:** what share of electricity comes from gas? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-gas"/> Gas is now the second largest source of electricity production globally. Its contribution is growing quickly in many countries as they substitute it for coal in the electricity mix. From a climate perspective, this transition is positive since gas typically [emits less CO2](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-dioxide-emissions-factor) per unit of energy. But, we still ultimately want to shift away from gas towards low-carbon sources such as renewables and nuclear. This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from gas across the world. ### **Nuclear:** what share of electricity comes from nuclear? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-nuclear"/> ##### Related content: ### Nuclear energy Explore our work on Nuclear Energy. ourworldindata.org/nuclear-energy Nuclear has played a key role in low-carbon electricity production for decades. In some countries it is one of – if not, the single – largest source of electricity. For example, France gets more than 70% of its electricity from nuclear power. This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from nuclear across the world. By clicking on a given country you can see how this share has changed over time. In some countries we see a dramatic decline in nuclear's role as plants have been taken offline. Japan is an [obvious example](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-nuclear?tab=chart&country=~JPN) of this. ### **Renewables:** what share of electricity comes from renewables? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables"/> ##### Related content: ### Renewable energy Explore our work on Renewable Energy. ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy 'Renewables' combines multiple electricity sources, including hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and wave and tidal. This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from renewables (the sum of all renewable energy technologies) across the world. The share of electricity we get from individual renewable technologies – solar, or wind, for example – are given in the sections below. ### **Hydropower:** what share of electricity comes from hydropower? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-hydro"/> Hydropower makes a large contribution to low-carbon electricity across the world. Globally it accounts for around 17% of production. This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from hydropower across the world. ### **Solar:** what share of electricity comes from solar? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar"/> This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from solar power across the world. #### Three tips on how to interact with this map * By clicking on any country on the map you see the change over time in this country. * By moving the time slider (below the map) you can see how the global situation has changed over time. * You can focus on a particular world region using the dropdown menu to the top-right of the map. ### **Wind:** what share of electricity comes from wind? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-wind"/> Wind accounts for just 5% to 6% of global electricity production. But wind generation has been growing rapidly in many countries across the world in recent years. This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from wind across the world. ## Explore more of our work on Energy Explore all the metrics – energy production, electricity consumption, and breakdown of fossil fuels, renewable and nuclear energy. Get an overview of energy for any country on a single page. Download our complete dataset of energy metrics on GitHub. It's open-access and free for anyone to use. See how access to electricity and clean cooking fuels vary across the world. Explore long-term changes in energy production and consumption across the world. How much of our energy comes from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear energy? See the breakdown of the energy mix. Explore the breakdown of the electricity mix and how this is changing. See the long-term changes in coal, oil and gas production and consumption. How quickly are countries scaling up the production of renewable technologies? Explore the data. Explore the long-term changes in nuclear energy production across the world. Explore trends in transport technologies and emissions across the world. | {
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"rendered": "\n<!-- formatting-options subnavId:energy subnavCurrentId:electricity-mix -->\n\n\n\n<p>Electricity is one of three components that make up total energy production. The other two are transport and heating.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we see in more detail in this article, the breakdown of sources \u2013 coal, oil, gas, nuclear and renewables \u2013 is different in the electricity versus the energy mix. Generally, low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) account for a larger share in our electricity mix than our total energy mix.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This means it’s important to distinguish between the two. In another page we provide the full breakdown of the <em><a href=\"http://ourworldindata.org/energy-mix\">Energy Mix</a></em>. But in this article we focus on the <em>Electricity Mix</em>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where do we get our electricity from? Which countries have the cleanest electricity grids? In this article we look at the breakdown across the world.</p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Electricity is only one part of total energy \u2013 decarbonizing electricity is only one step towards a low-carbon energy system</h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Solar and wind generation are growing quickly across the world. This is, of course, good news as we try to shift our energy systems away from fossil fuels.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Such progress often makes the headlines. Here is one example from this year:</p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2192 <a href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/clean-energy-fossil-fuels-national-grid-2019-statistics-latest-a9266116.html\">More UK energy is coming from clean sources than fossil fuels for the first time ever, National Grid announces</a> <em>(Independent, 2020)</em></p>\n\n\n\n<p>At first glance, we might think that we are edging close to a fossil-free energy system. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, many of these headlines are misleading.{ref}The headline in <em>The Independent</em> newspaper claims that in the UK more energy came from low-carbon sources than fossil fuels in 2019. As we see from <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/sub-energy-fossil-renewables-nuclear?country=~GBR\">this chart</a> \u2013 which looks at the breakdown of the UK energy mix \u2013 almost 80% of the UK\u2019s energy came from fossil fuels, and only 20% from \u2018clean sources\u2019. The author probably meant to speak only of \u2018UK electricity\u2019, which as my post here illustrates, is not the same thing.{/ref} The Independent made the mistake of using the terms <em>electricity</em> and <em>energy</em> interchangeably, when they are actually not the same thing. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>Electricity (or \u2018power\u2019) is just one component of total energy consumption. The other two components being transport and heating.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we see headlines about our progress on decarbonization, the quoted figures often refer to electricity. Many countries are making progress on clean electricity, but progress on energy as a whole is much slower.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s compare the breakdown of the global energy and electricity mix \u2013 these are shown in the chart. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>We see a large difference between the share that comes from low-carbon sources. Nuclear and renewables account for more than one-third (36.7%) of global <em>electricity</em>. But they account for less than half that figure (15.7%) of the global <em>energy</em> mix. This is because the other elements of the energy demand \u2013 transport and heating \u2013 rely much more heavily on fossil fuels.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>But there is another aspect to consider. The fact that transport and heating are harder to decarbonize, clean electricity will become ever-more important. Many solutions rely on us electrifying other parts of the energy system \u2013 such as shifting to electric vehicles. The <em>International Energy Agency</em>, for example, <a href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2020\">projects that by 2030</a>, global electricity demand for electric vehicles will increase five- to eleven-fold from levels in 2019. If we are to reap the climate benefits of electric vehicles, this electricity needs to be as low-carbon as possible.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>But when we see headlines on progress in decarbonizing the electricity sector we need to remember that it is just one part of the energy story. If we don\u2019t, we risk falling into a false sense of progress and let leaders, governments and companies boast targets that are not nearly ambitious enough.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"423\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-800x423.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-35659\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-800x423.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-400x211.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-768x406.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-1536x812.png 1536w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/08/Global-energy-vs.-electricity-breakdown-2048x1082.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" /></figure>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Where does our electricity come from?</h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>What sources make up our electricity mix? How much comes from coal, oil, gas, and how much from nuclear, hydropower, solar or wind?</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the interactive charts shown here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by source. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>The stacked area chart shows electricity production in absolute terms. It allows you see how these sources sum up. The line chart shows each source’s <em>share</em> of the total, and gives a better perspective on how each is changing over time. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally we see that coal, followed by gas, is the largest source of electricity production. Of the low-carbon sources, hydropower and nuclear make the largest contribution; although wind and solar are growing quickly. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>If we look at the electricity mix of particular countries <em>[you can do this using the “Change country” button on the bottom-left of the chart]</em> we can see dramatic changes in over time. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>Take the UK as an example: there <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-production-by-source?country=~GBR\">we see a dramatic decline</a> in the role of coal in its electricity mix. In the late 1980s, coal account for more than 60% of electricity production. By 2021 this had fallen to 2%.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\t<block type=\"help\">\n\t\t<content>\n\n<h4><strong>How you can interact with these chart</strong>s</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>On these charts you see the button <strong>Change Country </strong>in the bottom left corner \u2013 with this option you can switch the chart to any other country in the world.</li><li>By ticking the ‘Relative’ box in the bottom left corner of the stacked area chart you can switch to see each source’s share of the total.</li></ul>\n\n\n\n<p></p>\n\n</content>\n\t</block></div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-prod-source-stacked\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related chart:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-production-by-source</link-url>\n <title>Electricity production by source [as a line chart]</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>See the breakdown of electricity production by source, shown as a line chart.</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-elec-by-source\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>In the charts here we see the breakdown of the electricity mix by country. First with the higher-level breakdown by fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables. Then with the specific breakdown by source, including coal, gas, oil, nuclear, bioenergy, hydro, solar, wind and other renewables (which include wave and tidal).</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is given in terms of per capita consumption. Using the toggle on the interactive charts you can also see the percentage breakdown for each source using the ‘Relative’ tickbox.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"></div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-electricity-fossil-nuclear-renewables?country=OWID_WRL~CHN~IND~USA~GBR~FRA~AUS~SWE~ZAF~JPN~BRA\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-electricity-source-stacked?country=OWID_WRL~CHN~IND~USA~JPN~DEU~GBR~BRA~FRA~CAN~SWE~ZAF~AUS\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>How much of our electricity comes from low-carbon sources?</h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Around 16% of global <em>energy</em> (15.7% to be precise) comes from low-carbon sources \u2013 that is, the sum of nuclear energy and renewables.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>But energy and electricity are not the same \u2013 despite the fact that many people use these terms interchangeably. Electricity (sometimes referred to as \u2018power\u2019) is only a subset of total energy production, which also includes heating and transport.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>How much of our electricity comes from low-carbon sources?</p>\n\n\n\n<h4>37% of global electricity production comes from low-carbon sources</h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In the chart we see the percentage of global electricity production that comes from nuclear or renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydropower, wind and tidal and some biomass. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally, 36.7% of our electricity was low-carbon in 2019. More than one-third. The remaining two-thirds come from fossil fuels \u2013 mostly coal and gas.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is more than double the share in the total energy mix, where nuclear and renewables only account for 15.7%. We looked at the comparison of the global <em>energy</em> and <em>electricity</em> mix <strong>here</strong>. When people quote a high number for the share of low-carbon energy in the electricity mix we need to be aware of the fact that electricity is only part of the energy equation. The share in the total energy mix is much smaller.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Disappointingly, the percentage of electricity that comes from low-carbon sources today is almost unchanged from the mid-1980s. In fact, throughout the early-2000s this share actually regressed. In the following section we will see that progress was slow because nuclear output declined at a time when renewables have been growing.</p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-low-carbon?tab=chart&country=~OWID_WRL\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h4>Low-carbon electricity: around 26% of global electricity comes from renewables, and 10% from nuclear</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>What is the breakdown of our electricity supply in terms of fossil fuels, renewable energy and nuclear power?</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, almost two-thirds (63.3%) of global electricity came from fossil fuels. Of the 36.7% from low-carbon sources, renewables accounted for 26.3% and nuclear energy for 10.4%.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we noted earlier, the relative contribution of fossil fuels and low-carbon electricity has been pretty stagnant for decades. In fact, in the early 2000s, fossil fuels even gained ground. Over this period, nuclear\u2019s share declined whilst renewables grew. We see this in the chart. The progress made in renewables has been offset by a decline in nuclear energy; nuclear declined by almost as much as renewables gained.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-fossil-renewables-nuclear-line\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related chart:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/elec-fossil-nuclear-renewables</link-url>\n <title>Energy breakdown from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>What share of primary energy comes from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables? See the breakdown.</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block></div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Some countries get most of their electricity from low-carbon sources</h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally we get just over one-third of our electricity from low-carbon sources. But some countries get much more \u2013 some nearly all of it \u2013 from fossil-free sources.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the interactive map shown we see this share across the world. Some countries get over 90% of their electricity from nuclear or renewables \u2013 Sweden, Norway, France, Paraguay, Iceland, and Nepal, among others. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can explore the electricity mix \u2013 broken down by individual source \u2013 for countries in our work here. Nearly all of these countries have one thing in common: they get a lot of electricity from hydropower and/or nuclear energy. Solar, wind and other renewable technologies are growing quickly and will hopefully account for a large share of electricity production in the future \u2013 but the countries who have a low-carbon electricity mix today have relied heavily on hydroelectric and nuclear power in recent years.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>We must take these country-level examples and learn from them. In the years to come, accelerating the transition to clean electricity will become ever-more important as we electrify other parts of the energy system too (shifting to electric vehicles, for example). We will need to rely on low-carbon electricity, and lots of it.</p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-low-carbon\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h2>Carbon intensity of electricity</h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-intensity-electricity\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Carbon intensity of electricity measures the amount of CO2 that is produced per unit of electricity. It is measured as the grams of CO2 produced per kilowatt-hour (kWh).</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Countries which get a large share of their electricity from low-carbon sources (renewables and nuclear) will have a lower carbon intensity.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the carbon intensity of electricity across Europe. <a href=\"https://ember-climate.org/\">Ember</a> \u2013 our key electricity data source \u2013 currently only provides carbon intensity data for the EU-27 countries, plus the United Kingdom.</p>\n\n\n\n<p></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Electricity production by source</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Fossil fuels:</strong> what share of electricity comes from fossil fuels?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-fossil-fuels\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related content:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>http://ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels</link-url>\n <title>Fossil fuels</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Explore our work on Fossil Fuels.</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Fossil fuels are the sum of coal, oil and gas. Combined, they are the largest source of global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). We therefore need to transition away from them.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas summed together) across the world. Oil accounts for only a small share of electricity production \u2013 most come from coal and gas. The share from coal and gas individually can be found in the sections below.</p>\n\n\n\t<block type=\"help\">\n\t\t<content>\n\n<h4>Three tips on how to interact with this map</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>By clicking on any country on the map you see the change over time in this country.</li><li>By moving the time slider (below the map) you can see how the global situation has changed over time.</li><li>You can focus on a particular world region using the dropdown menu to the top-right of the map.</li></ul>\n\n</content>\n\t</block>\n\n\n<p></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Coal:</strong> what share of electricity comes from coal?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-coal\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Coal is currently the largest source of electricity globally. For many countries remains the dominant source. But, we also see that others have seen a massive shift away from coal in recent years \u2013 the UK is <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/death-uk-coal\">one such example</a>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from coal across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Gas:</strong> what share of electricity comes from gas?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-gas\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<p></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Gas is now the second largest source of electricity production globally. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>Its contribution is growing quickly in many countries as they substitute it for coal in the electricity mix. From a climate perspective, this transition is positive since gas typically <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-dioxide-emissions-factor\">emits less CO<sub>2</sub></a> per unit of energy. But, we still ultimately want to shift away from gas towards low-carbon sources such as renewables and nuclear.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from gas across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Nuclear:</strong> what share of electricity comes from nuclear?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-nuclear\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related content:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>http://ourworldindata.org/nuclear-energy</link-url>\n <title>Nuclear energy</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Explore our work on Nuclear Energy.</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Nuclear has played a key role in low-carbon electricity production for decades. In some countries it is one of \u2013 if not, the single \u2013 largest source of electricity. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, France gets more than 70% of its electricity from nuclear power. </p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from nuclear across the world.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>By clicking on a given country you can see how this share has changed over time. In some countries we see a dramatic decline in nuclear’s role as plants have been taken offline. Japan is an <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-nuclear?tab=chart&country=~JPN\">obvious example</a> of this.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Renewables:</strong> what share of electricity comes from renewables?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related content:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>http://ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy</link-url>\n <title>Renewable energy</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Explore our work on Renewable Energy.</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>‘Renewables’ combines multiple electricity sources, including hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and wave and tidal.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from renewables (the sum of all renewable energy technologies) across the world.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>The share of electricity we get from individual renewable technologies \u2013 solar, or wind, for example \u2013 are given in the sections below.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Hydropower:</strong> what share of electricity comes from hydropower?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-hydro\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Hydropower makes a large contribution to low-carbon electricity across the world. Globally it accounts for around 17% of production.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from hydropower across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Solar:</strong> what share of electricity comes from solar?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from solar power across the world.</p>\n\n\n\t<block type=\"help\">\n\t\t<content>\n\n<h4>Three tips on how to interact with this map</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>By clicking on any country on the map you see the change over time in this country.</li><li>By moving the time slider (below the map) you can see how the global situation has changed over time.</li><li>You can focus on a particular world region using the dropdown menu to the top-right of the map.</li></ul>\n\n\n\n<p></p>\n\n</content>\n\t</block></div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Wind:</strong> what share of electricity comes from wind?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-wind\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Wind accounts for just 5% to 6% of global electricity production. But wind generation has been growing rapidly in many countries across the world in recent years.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive map shows the share of electricity that comes from wind across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Explore more of our work on Energy</h2>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"wp-block-owid-grid \">\n\t\t\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/energy\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"COVID-19 data explorer\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore all the metrics \u2013 energy production, electricity consumption, and breakdown of fossil fuels, renewable and nuclear energy.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy#country-profiles\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"COVID-19 country profiles\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Get an overview of energy for any country on a single page.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://github.com/owid/energy-data\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"download complete COVID-19 dataset\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Download our complete dataset of energy metrics on GitHub. It’s open-access and free for anyone to use.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-access\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>See how access to electricity and clean cooking fuels vary across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-production-consumption\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore long-term changes in energy production and consumption across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/energy-mix\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>How much of our energy comes from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear energy? See the breakdown of the energy mix.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/electricity-mix\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore the breakdown of the electricity mix and how this is changing.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/fossil-fuels\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>See the long-term changes in coal, oil and gas production and consumption.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/renewable-energy\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>How quickly are countries scaling up the production of renewable technologies? Explore the data.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/nuclear-energy\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore the long-term changes in nuclear energy production across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"http://ourworldindata.org/transport\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore trends in transport technologies and emissions across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n\t</div>",
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