posts: 27366

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27366 Tetanus vaccination and treatment untitled-reusable-block-140 wp_block publish <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Vaccination protects against tetanus</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Today we have an effective vaccine against tetanus. The vaccine is referred to as DTP and it contains ingredients that protect not only from tetanus but also from diphtheria and pertussis. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Decline of tetanus with vaccination coverage increase</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Prior to 1980, the number of tetanus cases had already declined in developed countries with good hygiene and immunization programmes. Since then, the global number of cases of tetanus and global coverage of vaccination against tetanus were monitored and allow a comparison.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>As the coverage of tetanus vaccination increased, the number of tetanus cases declined. In the graph, tetanus cases are plotted against the number of people vaccinated.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Two different data sets on the number of tetanus cases are available. Starting in 1980 the WHO reported the number of <em>confirmed</em> tetanus cases. However, it's estimated that less than 10 percent of all cases are reported and confirmed. The Global Burden of Disease project has estimated the <em>actual</em> number (not just the confirmed) of tetanus cases from 1990. Both data sets agree that tetanus cases decreased as more and more people were vaccinated against tetanus.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:image {"id":22743,"align":"center","linkDestination":"custom"} --> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><a href="https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2019/02/Tetanus-vaccination-vs-cases-v2-1.png"><img src="https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2019/02/Tetanus-vaccination-vs-cases-v2-1-800x518.png" alt="" class="wp-image-22743"/></a></figure></div> <!-- /wp:image --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>DTP coverage today</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>WHO recommends DTP vaccination of babies and subsequent follow-ups in childhood, teenage and adult years. In countries with good vaccination programmes tetanus has been largely eliminated.{ref}Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Tetanus. Available at: <em><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html">https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html</a>.</em>{/ref}</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the graph you can see how global tetanus vaccine coverage increased rapidly from 38 percent to 77 percent between 1983 and 1990. Since then it has further increased to 86 percent in 2015.&nbsp;</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-children-immunized-dtp3?tab=chart&amp;country=OWID_WRL"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Tetanus treatment</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>If a person gets infected with tetanus-causing bacteria, treatment involves antibiotics, antitoxin against the bacterial toxin, and spasm-controlling drugs. Tetanus survivors still need to be vaccinated as the infection does not result in immunity to the disease.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> 
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 ## Vaccination protects against tetanus Today we have an effective vaccine against tetanus. The vaccine is referred to as DTP and it contains ingredients that protect not only from tetanus but also from diphtheria and pertussis. ## Decline of tetanus with vaccination coverage increase Prior to 1980, the number of tetanus cases had already declined in developed countries with good hygiene and immunization programmes. Since then, the global number of cases of tetanus and global coverage of vaccination against tetanus were monitored and allow a comparison. As the coverage of tetanus vaccination increased, the number of tetanus cases declined. In the graph, tetanus cases are plotted against the number of people vaccinated. Two different data sets on the number of tetanus cases are available. Starting in 1980 the WHO reported the number of _confirmed_ tetanus cases. However, it's estimated that less than 10 percent of all cases are reported and confirmed. The Global Burden of Disease project has estimated the _actual_ number (not just the confirmed) of tetanus cases from 1990. Both data sets agree that tetanus cases decreased as more and more people were vaccinated against tetanus. <Image filename="Tetanus-vaccination-vs-cases-v2-1.png" alt=""/> ## DTP coverage today WHO recommends DTP vaccination of babies and subsequent follow-ups in childhood, teenage and adult years. In countries with good vaccination programmes tetanus has been largely eliminated.{ref}Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Tetanus. Available at: _[https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html](https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/tetanus.html)._{/ref} In the graph you can see how global tetanus vaccine coverage increased rapidly from 38 percent to 77 percent between 1983 and 1990. Since then it has further increased to 86 percent in 2015.  <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-children-immunized-dtp3?tab=chart&country=OWID_WRL"/> ## Tetanus treatment If a person gets infected with tetanus-causing bacteria, treatment involves antibiotics, antitoxin against the bacterial toxin, and spasm-controlling drugs. Tetanus survivors still need to be vaccinated as the infection does not result in immunity to the disease. 
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