posts: 14389
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| 14389 | Renewable Energy | renewable-energy | page | publish | <!-- wp:html --> <!-- formatting-options subnavId:energy subnavCurrentId:renewable-energy --> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Since the Industrial Revolution, the energy mix of most countries across the world has become dominated by fossil fuels. This has major implications for the global climate, as well as for human health. Three-quarters of global <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-other-greenhouse-gas-emissions">greenhouse gas emissions</a> result from the burning of fossil fuels for energy. And fossil fuels are responsible for large amounts of local <a href="http://ourworldinata.org/air-pollution">air pollution</a> – a health problem that leads to at least 5 million premature deaths each year.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>To reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and local air pollution, the world needs to rapidly shift towards low-carbon sources of energy – nuclear and renewable technologies.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Renewable energy will play a key role in the decarbonization of our energy systems in the coming decades. But how rapidly is our production of renewable energy changing? What technologies look most promising in transforming our energy mix?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In this article we look at the data on renewable energy technologies across the world; what share of energy they account for today, and how quickly this is changing.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Renewable energy generation</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>How much of our primary <strong>energy</strong> comes from renewables?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/renewable-share-energy" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related charts:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Per capita generation of renewable energy","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-renewables","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Which countries generate the most renewable energy <em>per person</em>?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual change in renewable energy generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-renewables","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of renewable energy changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual percentage change in renewable energy generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-renewables","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of renewable energy changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>We often hear about the rapid growth of renewable technologies in media reports. But just how much of an impact has this growth had on our energy systems?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In this interactive chart we see the share of primary energy consumption that came from renewable technologies – the combination of hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, wave, tidal and modern biofuels <em>[traditional biomass – which can be an important energy source in lower-income settings is not included]</em>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong>here</strong>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, around 11% of global primary energy came from renewable technologies.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Note that this is based on renewable energy's share in the <em>energy</em> mix. Energy consumption represents the sum of electricity, transport and heating. We look at the <em>electricity</em> mix later in this article.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Two tips on how you can interact with this chart</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>View the data for any country as a line chart:</strong> click on any country to see its change over time, or by using the 'CHART' tab at the bottom.</li><li><strong>Add any other country to the line chart:</strong> click on the Add country button to compare with any other country.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- /wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Breakdown of renewables in the energy mix</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-side-by-side"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the section above we looked at what share renewable technologies collectively accounted for in the energy mix.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the charts shown here we look at the breakdown of renewable technologies by their individual components – hydropower, solar, wind, and others.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>The first chart shows this as a stacked area chart, which allows us to more readily see the breakdown of the renewable mix, and relative contribution of each. The second chart is shown as a line chart, allowing us to see more clearly how each source is changing over time.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Globally we see that hydropower is by far the largest modern renewable source <em>[since traditional biomass is not included here]</em>. But we also see wind and solar power are both growing rapidly.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:owid/help --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>How you can interact with the stacked area chart</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li>In these charts it is always possible to switch to any other country in the world by choosing <strong>Change Country</strong> in the bottom left corner.</li><li>By unticking the 'Relative' box, you can switch to see the breakdown of emissions in absolute terms.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:paragraph {"placeholder":"Enter help content..."} --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/help --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-side-by-side"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-energy-consumption" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-prod" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Renewables in the <strong>electricity</strong> mix</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>How much of our electricity comes from renewables?</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In the sections above we looked at the role of renewables in the total <em>energy</em> mix<em>. </em>This includes not only electricity, but also transport and heating. Electricity forms only one component of energy consumption.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Since transport and heating tend to be harder to decarbonize – they are more reliant on oil and gas – renewables tend to have a higher share in the electricity mix versus the total energy mix.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of electricity that comes from renewable technologies.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Globally, around one-quarter of our electricity comes from renewables.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Hydropower</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Hydropower generation</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydropower-consumption" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related charts:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Per capita generation of hydropower","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-hydro","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Which countries produce the most hydropower <em>per person</em>?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual change in hydropower generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-hydro","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of hydropower changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual percentage change in hydropower generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-hydro","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of hydropower changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Global hydropower generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-hydro-consumption","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How much energy does the world produce from hydropower?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Hydropower generation by region","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydro-consumption-by-region","mediaId":35445,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/hydro-consumption-by-region.svg","mediaAlt":"","className":"is-style-thin"} /--></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Hydroelectric power has been one of our oldest and largest sources of low-carbon energy. Hydroelectric generation at scale <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-hydro-consumption">dates back</a> more than a century, and is still our largest renewable source – excluding traditional biomass, it still <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-energy-consumption?country=~OWID_WRL">accounts for</a> more than 60% of renewable generation.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>But the scale of hydroelectric power generation varies significantly across the world. This interactive chart shows its contribution by country.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Hydropower in the energy and electricity mix</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from hydropower</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydro-share-energy" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from hydropower.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/energy-substitution-method">here</a></strong>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, around 7% of global energy came from hydropower.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from hydropower</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-hydro" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from hydropower.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, around 16% of global electricity came from hydropower.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Wind energy</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Wind energy generation</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-terawatt-hours-twh" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related charts:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Per capita generation of wind energy","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-wind","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Which countries consume the most wind energy <em>per person</em>?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual change in wind energy generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-wind","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the consumption of wind energy changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual percentage change in wind energy generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-wind","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of wind energy changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Wind energy generation by region","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-by-region","mediaId":35446,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/wind-energy-consumption-by-region.svg","mediaAlt":"","className":"is-style-thin"} /--></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the amount of energy generated from wind each year. This includes both onshore and offshore wind farms.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Wind generation at scale – compared to hydropower, for example – is a relatively modern renewable energy source but is growing quickly in many countries across the world. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Installed wind capacity</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-installed-wind-energy-capacity-gigawatts?tab=chart" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Wind energy capacity vs. generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-vs-installed-wind-energy-capacity","mediaId":35447,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/wind-energy-consumption-vs-installed-wind-energy-capacity.svg","mediaAlt":"","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How does wind energy generation compare to installed wind capacity?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>The previous section looked at the energy output from wind farms across the world. Energy output is a function of power (installed capacity) multiplied by the time of generation.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Energy generation is therefore a function of how much wind capacity is installed. This interactive chart shows installed wind capacity – including both onshore and offshore – across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Wind in the energy and electricity mix</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from wind</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-share-energy" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from wind.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong>here</strong>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, around 2% of global energy came from wind.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from wind</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-wind" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from wind.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, around 5% of global electricity came from wind.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Solar energy</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Solar energy generation</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-energy-consumption" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related charts:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Per capita generation of solar energy","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-solar","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Which countries produce the most solar energy <em>per person</em>?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual change in solar energy generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-solar","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of solar energy changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Annual percentage change in solar energy generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-solar","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How is the generation of solar energy changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Solar energy generation by region","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-energy-consumption-by-region","mediaId":35449,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/solar-energy-consumption-by-region.svg","mediaAlt":"","className":"is-style-thin"} /--></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the amount of energy generated from solar power each year.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Solar generation at scale – compared to hydropower, for example – is a relatively modern renewable energy source but is growing quickly in many countries across the world. </p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Installed solar capacity</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-solar-PV-capacity?tab=map" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Solar energy capacity vs. generation","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-pv-energy-consumption-vs-solar-pv-capacity","mediaId":35448,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/solar-pv-energy-consumption-vs-solar-pv-capacity.svg","mediaAlt":"","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How does solar energy generation compare to installed solar capacity?</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>The previous section looked at the energy output from solar across the world. Energy output is a function of power (installed capacity) multiplied by the time of generation.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Energy generation is therefore a function of how much solar capacity is installed. This interactive chart shows installed solar capacity across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Solar in the energy and electricity mix</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from solar</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-share-energy" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from solar power.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong>here</strong>.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, around 1% of global energy came from solar technologies.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from solar</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from solar power.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>In 2019, just over 2% of global electricity came from solar.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Biofuels</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Biofuel production</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;" src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biofuel-production" width="300" height="150"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":5} --> <h5>Related chart:</h5> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:owid/prominent-link {"title":"Biofuel production by region","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biofuels-production-by-region","mediaId":35452,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/biofuels-production-by-region.svg","mediaAlt":"","className":"is-style-thin"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p></p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/prominent-link --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Traditional biomass – the burning of charcoal, organic wastes, and crop residues – was an important energy source for a long period of human history. It remains an important source in lower-income settings today. However, high-quality estimates of energy consumption from these sources is difficult to find. BP's Statistical Review of World Energy – our main data source on energy – only publishes data on commercially-traded energy, so traditional biomass is not included.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>However, modern biofuels <em>are</em> included in this energy data. Bioethanol and biodiesel – fuel made from crops such as corn, sugarcane, hemp, and cassava – are now a key transport fuel in many countries.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows modern biofuel production across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Geothermal</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":3} --> <h3>Installed geothermal capacity</h3> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:html --> <iframe src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-geothermal-capacity" loading="lazy" style="width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;"></iframe> <!-- /wp:html --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>This interactive chart shows the installed capacity of geothermal energy across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Definitions</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:columns {"className":"is-style-sticky-left"} --> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left"><!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:table {"className":"aligncenter"} --> <figure class="wp-block-table aligncenter"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>SI Unit</strong></td><td><strong>Watt-hour (Wh) equivalent</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Watt-hour (Wh)</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Kilowatt-hour (kWh)</td><td>One thousand watt-hours (10<sup>3</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Megawatt-hour (MWh)</td><td>One million watt-hours (10<sup>6</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Gigawatt-hour (GWh)</td><td>One billion watt-hours (10<sup>9</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Terawatt-hour (TWh)</td><td>One trillion watt-hours (10<sup>12</sup> Wh)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure> <!-- /wp:table --></div> <!-- /wp:column --> <!-- wp:column --> <div class="wp-block-column"><!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>To maintain consistency between metrics and sources, we have attempted to normalise all energy data to units of watt-hours (Wh), or one of its SI prefixes. The table shows the conversion of watt-hours to the range of SI prefixes used.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --></div> <!-- /wp:column --></div> <!-- /wp:columns --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Data Sources</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>BP Statistical Review of World Energy</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> BP publishes data on Oil, Gas Coal, Nuclear Energy, Hydroelectricity, Renewables, Primary Energy Consumption, Electricity Generation, Carbon Doixide Emissions</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global – by country and region</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Annual data since 1951</li><li><strong>Available at:</strong> Online at <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140605044810/http://www.bp.com:80/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy-2013.html">www.bp.com</a></li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>The Shift Project (TSP)</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Historical Energy Consumption Statistics and Historical Energy Production Statistics</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global – by country and world region</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Since 1900</li><li><strong>Available at:</strong> Both datasets are online at <a href="http://www.tsp-data-portal.org/all-datasets">www.tsp-data-portal.org</a>.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>IEA – International Energy Agency</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Data on electricity, oil, gas, coal and renewables. Data on CO2 emissions (also projections)</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global – by country</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Last decades</li><li><strong>Available at: </strong>Online at <a href="http://data.iea.org/">www.iea.org</a><strong><br></strong></li><li><em>The IEA is publishing the <a href="http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/ ">World Energy Outlook</a>.</em></li><li class="no-bullet"><em><em> You have to pay to access the IEA databases. But some data is available through Gapminder, for example <a href="http://www.gapminder.org/world/#$majorMode=chart$is;shi=t;ly=2003;lb=f;il=t;fs=11;al=30;stl=t;st=t;nsl=t;se=t$wst;tts=C$ts;sp=8.91419354838709;ti=2010$zpv;v=0$inc_x;mmid=XCOORDS;iid=phAwcNAVuyj1jiMAkmq1iMg;by=ind$inc_y;mmid=YCOORDS;iid=0ArfEDsV3bBwCdEV1RkJqTEItQnJYVXJlZzVuc3Y3Mmc;by=ind$inc_s;uniValue=8.21;iid=phAwcNAVuyj0XOoBL_n5tAQ;by=ind$inc_c;uniValue=255;gid=CATID0;by=grp$map_x;scale=log;dataMin=282;dataMax=119849$map_y;scale=lin;dataMin=0;dataMax=98$map_s;sma=49;smi=2.65$cd;bd=0$inds=">Residential Energy Use (%)</a>. (for few countries since 1960, for more countries since 1971 or 1981)</em></em></li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Energy Information Administration</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Total and crude oil production, oil consumption, natural gas production and consumption, coal production and consumption, electricity generation and consumption, primary energy, energy intensity, CO2 emissions and imports and exports for all fuels</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global – by country</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Annual data since 1980</li><li><strong>Available at:</strong> Online at <a href="http://www.eia.gov">ww.eia.gov</a></li><li class="no-bullet"><em> EIA is a US government agency.</em></li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>World Development Indicators – World Bank</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>Geographical coverage: </strong>Global – by country and world region</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Last decades</li><li><strong>Data: </strong><a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.KT.OE">Energy use (kt of oil equivalent)</a> – <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE">Energy use (kg of oil equivalent <em>per capita</em>)</a> – <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.EGY.PROD.KT.OE">Energy production (kt of oil equivalent)</a><strong><br></strong></li><li class="no-bullet"><em>Many more related indicators.<br></em></li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:heading {"level":4} --> <h4>Eurostat</h4> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --> <ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Production & consumption of energy.</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Europe</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong></li><li><strong>Data on: </strong><a href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Energy_production_and_imports">Energy production and imports</a> – <a href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Consumption_of_energy">Consumption of energy</a> – <a href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Electricity_production,_consumption_and_market_overview">Electricity production, consumption and markets</a>.</li></ul> <!-- /wp:list --> <!-- wp:heading --> <h2>Explore more of our work on Energy</h2> <!-- /wp:heading --> <!-- wp-block-tombstone 41045 --> <!-- wp:owid/grid --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/energy","mediaId":39373,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured.png","mediaAlt":"COVID-19 data explorer"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore all the metrics – energy production, electricity consumption, and breakdown of fossil fuels, renewable and nuclear energy.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/energy#country-profiles","mediaId":39372,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured.png","mediaAlt":"COVID-19 country profiles"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Get an overview of energy for any country on a single page.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://github.com/owid/energy-data","mediaId":39375,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured.png","mediaAlt":"download complete COVID-19 dataset"} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Download our complete dataset of energy metrics on GitHub. It's open-access and free for anyone to use.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"title":"","linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-access","mediaId":41041,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>See how access to electricity and clean cooking fuels vary across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-production-consumption","mediaId":41039,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore long-term changes in energy production and consumption across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/energy-mix","mediaId":41040,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How much of our energy comes from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear energy? See the breakdown of the energy mix.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/electricity-mix","mediaId":41042,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore the breakdown of the electricity mix and how this is changing.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/fossil-fuels","mediaId":41037,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>See the long-term changes in coal, oil and gas production and consumption.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/renewable-energy","mediaId":41035,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>How quickly are countries scaling up the production of renewable technologies? Explore the data.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"https://owid.cloud/nuclear-energy","mediaId":41036,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore the long-term changes in nuclear energy production across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- wp:owid/card {"linkUrl":"ourworldindata.org/transport","mediaId":45158,"mediaUrl":"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail.png","mediaAlt":""} --> <!-- wp:paragraph --> <p>Explore trends in transport technologies and emissions across the world.</p> <!-- /wp:paragraph --> <!-- /wp:owid/card --> <!-- /wp:owid/grid --> | {
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2020-12-17 13:50:00 | 2024-02-16 14:22:41 | 10dLcR7-nm5JlO1m1InDCTGCmDt_L3fO7jz0yxmcjxdw | [
"Hannah Ritchie",
"Max Roser",
"Pablo Rosado"
] |
Solar, wind, hydropower, and other renewable energy sources currently account for a small share of global energy. But they’re growing quickly and can play a key role in tackling climate change. | 2017-10-20 15:49:26 | 2023-07-27 13:30:04 | https://ourworldindata.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy.png | {
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Since the Industrial Revolution, the energy mix of most countries across the world has become dominated by fossil fuels. This has major implications for the global climate, as well as for human health. Three-quarters of global [greenhouse gas emissions](https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-other-greenhouse-gas-emissions) result from the burning of fossil fuels for energy. And fossil fuels are responsible for large amounts of local [air pollution](http://ourworldinata.org/air-pollution) – a health problem that leads to at least 5 million premature deaths each year. To reduce CO2 emissions and local air pollution, the world needs to rapidly shift towards low-carbon sources of energy – nuclear and renewable technologies. Renewable energy will play a key role in the decarbonization of our energy systems in the coming decades. But how rapidly is our production of renewable energy changing? What technologies look most promising in transforming our energy mix? In this article we look at the data on renewable energy technologies across the world; what share of energy they account for today, and how quickly this is changing. ## Renewable energy generation ### How much of our primary **energy** comes from renewables? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/renewable-share-energy"/> ##### Related charts: ### Per capita generation of renewable energy Which countries generate the most renewable energy per person? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-renewables ### Annual change in renewable energy generation How is the generation of renewable energy changing year-to-year in absolute terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-renewables ### Annual percentage change in renewable energy generation How is the generation of renewable energy changing year-to-year in percentage terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-renewables We often hear about the rapid growth of renewable technologies in media reports. But just how much of an impact has this growth had on our energy systems? In this interactive chart we see the share of primary energy consumption that came from renewable technologies – the combination of hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, wave, tidal and modern biofuels _[traditional biomass – which can be an important energy source in lower-income settings is not included]_. Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail **here**. In 2019, around 11% of global primary energy came from renewable technologies. Note that this is based on renewable energy's share in the _energy_ mix. Energy consumption represents the sum of electricity, transport and heating. We look at the _electricity_ mix later in this article. #### Two tips on how you can interact with this chart * **View the data for any country as a line chart:** click on any country to see its change over time, or by using the 'CHART' tab at the bottom. * **Add any other country to the line chart:** click on the Add country button to compare with any other country. ### Breakdown of renewables in the energy mix In the section above we looked at what share renewable technologies collectively accounted for in the energy mix. In the charts shown here we look at the breakdown of renewable technologies by their individual components – hydropower, solar, wind, and others. The first chart shows this as a stacked area chart, which allows us to more readily see the breakdown of the renewable mix, and relative contribution of each. The second chart is shown as a line chart, allowing us to see more clearly how each source is changing over time. Globally we see that hydropower is by far the largest modern renewable source _[since traditional biomass is not included here]_. But we also see wind and solar power are both growing rapidly. #### How you can interact with the stacked area chart * In these charts it is always possible to switch to any other country in the world by choosing **Change Country** in the bottom left corner. * By unticking the 'Relative' box, you can switch to see the breakdown of emissions in absolute terms. <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-energy-consumption"/> <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-prod"/> ## Renewables in the **electricity** mix ### How much of our electricity comes from renewables? <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables"/> In the sections above we looked at the role of renewables in the total _energy_ mix_. _This includes not only electricity, but also transport and heating. Electricity forms only one component of energy consumption. Since transport and heating tend to be harder to decarbonize – they are more reliant on oil and gas – renewables tend to have a higher share in the electricity mix versus the total energy mix. This interactive chart shows the share of electricity that comes from renewable technologies. Globally, around one-quarter of our electricity comes from renewables. ## Hydropower ### Hydropower generation <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydropower-consumption"/> ##### Related charts: ### Per capita generation of hydropower Which countries produce the most hydropower per person? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-hydro ### Annual change in hydropower generation How is the generation of hydropower changing year-to-year in absolute terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-hydro ### Annual percentage change in hydropower generation How is the generation of hydropower changing year-to-year in percentage terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-hydro ### Global hydropower generation How much energy does the world produce from hydropower? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-hydro-consumption ### Hydropower generation by region https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydro-consumption-by-region Hydroelectric power has been one of our oldest and largest sources of low-carbon energy. Hydroelectric generation at scale [dates back](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-hydro-consumption) more than a century, and is still our largest renewable source – excluding traditional biomass, it still [accounts for](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-energy-consumption?country=~OWID_WRL) more than 60% of renewable generation. But the scale of hydroelectric power generation varies significantly across the world. This interactive chart shows its contribution by country. ### Hydropower in the energy and electricity mix #### Share of primary _energy_ that comes from hydropower <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydro-share-energy"/> This interactive chart shows the share of primary _energy_ that comes from hydropower. Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail **[here](https://ourworldindata.org/energy-substitution-method)**. In 2019, around 7% of global energy came from hydropower. #### Share of _electricity_ that comes from hydropower <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-hydro"/> This interactive chart shows the share of _electricity_ that comes from hydropower. In 2019, around 16% of global electricity came from hydropower. ## Wind energy ### Wind energy generation <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-terawatt-hours-twh"/> ##### Related charts: ### Per capita generation of wind energy Which countries consume the most wind energy per person? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-wind ### Annual change in wind energy generation How is the consumption of wind energy changing year-to-year in absolute terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-wind ### Annual percentage change in wind energy generation How is the generation of wind energy changing year-to-year in percentage terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-wind ### Wind energy generation by region https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-by-region This interactive chart shows the amount of energy generated from wind each year. This includes both onshore and offshore wind farms. Wind generation at scale – compared to hydropower, for example – is a relatively modern renewable energy source but is growing quickly in many countries across the world. ### Installed wind capacity <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-installed-wind-energy-capacity-gigawatts?tab=chart"/> ### Wind energy capacity vs. generation How does wind energy generation compare to installed wind capacity? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-vs-installed-wind-energy-capacity The previous section looked at the energy output from wind farms across the world. Energy output is a function of power (installed capacity) multiplied by the time of generation. Energy generation is therefore a function of how much wind capacity is installed. This interactive chart shows installed wind capacity – including both onshore and offshore – across the world. ### Wind in the energy and electricity mix #### Share of primary _energy_ that comes from wind <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-share-energy"/> This interactive chart shows the share of primary _energy_ that comes from wind. Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail **here**. In 2019, around 2% of global energy came from wind. #### Share of _electricity_ that comes from wind <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-wind"/> This interactive chart shows the share of _electricity_ that comes from wind. In 2019, around 5% of global electricity came from wind. ## Solar energy ### Solar energy generation <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-energy-consumption"/> ##### Related charts: ### Per capita generation of solar energy Which countries produce the most solar energy per person? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-solar ### Annual change in solar energy generation How is the generation of solar energy changing year-to-year in absolute terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-solar ### Annual percentage change in solar energy generation How is the generation of solar energy changing year-to-year in percentage terms? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-solar ### Solar energy generation by region https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-energy-consumption-by-region This interactive chart shows the amount of energy generated from solar power each year. Solar generation at scale – compared to hydropower, for example – is a relatively modern renewable energy source but is growing quickly in many countries across the world. ### Installed solar capacity <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-solar-PV-capacity?tab=map"/> ### Solar energy capacity vs. generation How does solar energy generation compare to installed solar capacity? https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-pv-energy-consumption-vs-solar-pv-capacity The previous section looked at the energy output from solar across the world. Energy output is a function of power (installed capacity) multiplied by the time of generation. Energy generation is therefore a function of how much solar capacity is installed. This interactive chart shows installed solar capacity across the world. ### Solar in the energy and electricity mix #### Share of primary _energy_ that comes from solar <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-share-energy"/> This interactive chart shows the share of primary _energy_ that comes from solar power. Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the 'substitution method' which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their 'input equivalents': the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail **here**. In 2019, around 1% of global energy came from solar technologies. #### Share of _electricity_ that comes from solar <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar"/> This interactive chart shows the share of _electricity_ that comes from solar power. In 2019, just over 2% of global electricity came from solar. ## Biofuels ### Biofuel production <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biofuel-production"/> ##### Related chart: ### Biofuel production by region https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biofuels-production-by-region Traditional biomass – the burning of charcoal, organic wastes, and crop residues – was an important energy source for a long period of human history. It remains an important source in lower-income settings today. However, high-quality estimates of energy consumption from these sources is difficult to find. BP's Statistical Review of World Energy – our main data source on energy – only publishes data on commercially-traded energy, so traditional biomass is not included. However, modern biofuels _are_ included in this energy data. Bioethanol and biodiesel – fuel made from crops such as corn, sugarcane, hemp, and cassava – are now a key transport fuel in many countries. This interactive chart shows modern biofuel production across the world. ## Geothermal ### Installed geothermal capacity <Chart url="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-geothermal-capacity"/> This interactive chart shows the installed capacity of geothermal energy across the world. ## Definitions <div class="raw-html-table__container"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>SI Unit</strong></td><td><strong>Watt-hour (Wh) equivalent</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Watt-hour (Wh)</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Kilowatt-hour (kWh)</td><td>One thousand watt-hours (10<sup>3</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Megawatt-hour (MWh)</td><td>One million watt-hours (10<sup>6</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Gigawatt-hour (GWh)</td><td>One billion watt-hours (10<sup>9</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Terawatt-hour (TWh)</td><td>One trillion watt-hours (10<sup>12</sup> Wh)</td></tr></tbody></table></div> To maintain consistency between metrics and sources, we have attempted to normalise all energy data to units of watt-hours (Wh), or one of its SI prefixes. The table shows the conversion of watt-hours to the range of SI prefixes used. ## Data Sources #### BP Statistical Review of World Energy * **Data:** BP publishes data on Oil, Gas Coal, Nuclear Energy, Hydroelectricity, Renewables, Primary Energy Consumption, Electricity Generation, Carbon Doixide Emissions * **Geographical coverage:** Global – by country and region * **Time span:** Annual data since 1951 * **Available at:** Online at [www.bp.com](http://web.archive.org/web/20140605044810/http://www.bp.com:80/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy-2013.html) #### The Shift Project (TSP) * **Data:** Historical Energy Consumption Statistics and Historical Energy Production Statistics * **Geographical coverage:** Global – by country and world region * **Time span:** Since 1900 * **Available at:** Both datasets are online at [www.tsp-data-portal.org](http://www.tsp-data-portal.org/all-datasets). #### IEA – International Energy Agency * **Data:** Data on electricity, oil, gas, coal and renewables. Data on CO2 emissions (also projections) * **Geographical coverage:** Global – by country * **Time span:** Last decades * **Available at: **Online at [www.iea.org](http://data.iea.org/)** ** * _The IEA is publishing the [World Energy Outlook](http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/ )._ * __ You have to pay to access the IEA databases. But some data is available through Gapminder, for example [Residential Energy Use (%)](http://www.gapminder.org/world/#$majorMode=chart$is;shi=t;ly=2003;lb=f;il=t;fs=11;al=30;stl=t;st=t;nsl=t;se=t$wst;tts=C$ts;sp=8.91419354838709;ti=2010$zpv;v=0$inc_x;mmid=XCOORDS;iid=phAwcNAVuyj1jiMAkmq1iMg;by=ind$inc_y;mmid=YCOORDS;iid=0ArfEDsV3bBwCdEV1RkJqTEItQnJYVXJlZzVuc3Y3Mmc;by=ind$inc_s;uniValue=8.21;iid=phAwcNAVuyj0XOoBL_n5tAQ;by=ind$inc_c;uniValue=255;gid=CATID0;by=grp$map_x;scale=log;dataMin=282;dataMax=119849$map_y;scale=lin;dataMin=0;dataMax=98$map_s;sma=49;smi=2.65$cd;bd=0$inds=). (for few countries since 1960, for more countries since 1971 or 1981)__ #### Energy Information Administration * **Data:** Total and crude oil production, oil consumption, natural gas production and consumption, coal production and consumption, electricity generation and consumption, primary energy, energy intensity, CO2 emissions and imports and exports for all fuels * **Geographical coverage:** Global – by country * **Time span:** Annual data since 1980 * **Available at:** Online at [ww.eia.gov](http://www.eia.gov) * _ EIA is a US government agency._ #### World Development Indicators – World Bank * **Geographical coverage: **Global – by country and world region * **Time span:** Last decades * **Data: **[Energy use (kt of oil equivalent)](http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.KT.OE) – [Energy use (kg of oil equivalent _per capita_)](http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE) – [Energy production (kt of oil equivalent)](http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.EGY.PROD.KT.OE)** ** * _Many more related indicators. _ #### Eurostat * **Data:** Production & consumption of energy. * **Geographical coverage:** Europe * **Time span:** * **Data on: **[Energy production and imports](http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Energy_production_and_imports) – [Consumption of energy](http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Consumption_of_energy) – [Electricity production, consumption and markets](http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Electricity_production,_consumption_and_market_overview). ## Explore more of our work on Energy Explore all the metrics – energy production, electricity consumption, and breakdown of fossil fuels, renewable and nuclear energy. Get an overview of energy for any country on a single page. Download our complete dataset of energy metrics on GitHub. It's open-access and free for anyone to use. See how access to electricity and clean cooking fuels vary across the world. Explore long-term changes in energy production and consumption across the world. How much of our energy comes from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear energy? See the breakdown of the energy mix. Explore the breakdown of the electricity mix and how this is changing. See the long-term changes in coal, oil and gas production and consumption. How quickly are countries scaling up the production of renewable technologies? Explore the data. Explore the long-term changes in nuclear energy production across the world. Explore trends in transport technologies and emissions across the world. | {
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"rendered": "\n<!-- formatting-options subnavId:energy subnavCurrentId:renewable-energy -->\n\n\n\n<p>Since the Industrial Revolution, the energy mix of most countries across the world has become dominated by fossil fuels. This has major implications for the global climate, as well as for human health. Three-quarters of global <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-other-greenhouse-gas-emissions\">greenhouse gas emissions</a> result from the burning of fossil fuels for energy. And fossil fuels are responsible for large amounts of local <a href=\"http://ourworldinata.org/air-pollution\">air pollution</a> \u2013 a health problem that leads to at least 5 million premature deaths each year.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>To reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and local air pollution, the world needs to rapidly shift towards low-carbon sources of energy \u2013 nuclear and renewable technologies.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Renewable energy will play a key role in the decarbonization of our energy systems in the coming decades. But how rapidly is our production of renewable energy changing? What technologies look most promising in transforming our energy mix?</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article we look at the data on renewable energy technologies across the world; what share of energy they account for today, and how quickly this is changing.</p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Renewable energy generation</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>How much of our primary <strong>energy</strong> comes from renewables?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/renewable-share-energy\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related charts:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-renewables</link-url>\n <title>Per capita generation of renewable energy</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Which countries generate the most renewable energy <em>per person</em>?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-renewables</link-url>\n <title>Annual change in renewable energy generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of renewable energy changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-renewables</link-url>\n <title>Annual percentage change in renewable energy generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of renewable energy changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>We often hear about the rapid growth of renewable technologies in media reports. But just how much of an impact has this growth had on our energy systems?</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this interactive chart we see the share of primary energy consumption that came from renewable technologies \u2013 the combination of hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, wave, tidal and modern biofuels <em>[traditional biomass \u2013 which can be an important energy source in lower-income settings is not included]</em>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the ‘substitution method’ which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their ‘input equivalents’: the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong>here</strong>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, around 11% of global primary energy came from renewable technologies.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that this is based on renewable energy’s share in the <em>energy</em> mix. Energy consumption represents the sum of electricity, transport and heating. We look at the <em>electricity</em> mix later in this article.</p>\n\n\n\t<block type=\"help\">\n\t\t<content>\n\n<h4>Two tips on how you can interact with this chart</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>View the data for any country as a line chart:</strong> click on any country to see its change over time, or by using the ‘CHART’ tab at the bottom.</li><li><strong>Add any other country to the line chart:</strong> click on the Add country button to compare with any other country.</li></ul>\n\n</content>\n\t</block>\n\n\n<p></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3>Breakdown of renewables in the energy mix</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>In the section above we looked at what share renewable technologies collectively accounted for in the energy mix.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the charts shown here we look at the breakdown of renewable technologies by their individual components \u2013 hydropower, solar, wind, and others.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first chart shows this as a stacked area chart, which allows us to more readily see the breakdown of the renewable mix, and relative contribution of each. The second chart is shown as a line chart, allowing us to see more clearly how each source is changing over time.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally we see that hydropower is by far the largest modern renewable source <em>[since traditional biomass is not included here]</em>. But we also see wind and solar power are both growing rapidly.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\t<block type=\"help\">\n\t\t<content>\n\n<h4>How you can interact with the stacked area chart</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>In these charts it is always possible to switch to any other country in the world by choosing <strong>Change Country</strong> in the bottom left corner.</li><li>By unticking the ‘Relative’ box, you can switch to see the breakdown of emissions in absolute terms.</li></ul>\n\n\n\n<p></p>\n\n</content>\n\t</block></div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-side-by-side\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-energy-consumption\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-prod\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Renewables in the <strong>electricity</strong> mix</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>How much of our electricity comes from renewables?</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-renewables\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>In the sections above we looked at the role of renewables in the total <em>energy</em> mix<em>. </em>This includes not only electricity, but also transport and heating. Electricity forms only one component of energy consumption.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since transport and heating tend to be harder to decarbonize \u2013 they are more reliant on oil and gas \u2013 renewables tend to have a higher share in the electricity mix versus the total energy mix.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of electricity that comes from renewable technologies.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally, around one-quarter of our electricity comes from renewables.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Hydropower</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Hydropower generation</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydropower-consumption\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related charts:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-hydro</link-url>\n <title>Per capita generation of hydropower</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Which countries produce the most hydropower <em>per person</em>?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-hydro</link-url>\n <title>Annual change in hydropower generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of hydropower changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-hydro</link-url>\n <title>Annual percentage change in hydropower generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of hydropower changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-hydro-consumption</link-url>\n <title>Global hydropower generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How much energy does the world produce from hydropower?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydro-consumption-by-region</link-url>\n <title>Hydropower generation by region</title>\n <content></content>\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/hydro-consumption-by-region.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" height=\"600\" width=\"850\" /></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Hydroelectric power has been one of our oldest and largest sources of low-carbon energy. Hydroelectric generation at scale <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-hydro-consumption\">dates back</a> more than a century, and is still our largest renewable source \u2013 excluding traditional biomass, it still <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/modern-renewable-energy-consumption?country=~OWID_WRL\">accounts for</a> more than 60% of renewable generation.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the scale of hydroelectric power generation varies significantly across the world. This interactive chart shows its contribution by country.</p>\n\n\n\n<p></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3>Hydropower in the energy and electricity mix</h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>Share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from hydropower</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hydro-share-energy\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from hydropower.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the ‘substitution method’ which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their ‘input equivalents’: the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong><a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-substitution-method\">here</a></strong>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, around 7% of global energy came from hydropower.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from hydropower</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-hydro\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from hydropower.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, around 16% of global electricity came from hydropower.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Wind energy</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Wind energy generation</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-terawatt-hours-twh\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related charts:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-wind</link-url>\n <title>Per capita generation of wind energy</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Which countries consume the most wind energy <em>per person</em>?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-wind</link-url>\n <title>Annual change in wind energy generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the consumption of wind energy changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-wind</link-url>\n <title>Annual percentage change in wind energy generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of wind energy changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-by-region</link-url>\n <title>Wind energy generation by region</title>\n <content></content>\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/wind-energy-consumption-by-region.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" height=\"600\" width=\"850\" /></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the amount of energy generated from wind each year. This includes both onshore and offshore wind farms.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind generation at scale \u2013 compared to hydropower, for example \u2013 is a relatively modern renewable energy source but is growing quickly in many countries across the world. </p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3>Installed wind capacity</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-installed-wind-energy-capacity-gigawatts?tab=chart\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-energy-consumption-vs-installed-wind-energy-capacity</link-url>\n <title>Wind energy capacity vs. generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How does wind energy generation compare to installed wind capacity?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/wind-energy-consumption-vs-installed-wind-energy-capacity.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" height=\"600\" width=\"850\" /></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>The previous section looked at the energy output from wind farms across the world. Energy output is a function of power (installed capacity) multiplied by the time of generation.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Energy generation is therefore a function of how much wind capacity is installed. This interactive chart shows installed wind capacity \u2013 including both onshore and offshore \u2013 across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3>Wind in the energy and electricity mix</h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>Share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from wind</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/wind-share-energy\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from wind.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the ‘substitution method’ which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their ‘input equivalents’: the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong>here</strong>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, around 2% of global energy came from wind.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from wind</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-wind\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from wind.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, around 5% of global electricity came from wind.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Solar energy</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Solar energy generation</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-energy-consumption\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related charts:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-solar</link-url>\n <title>Per capita generation of solar energy</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>Which countries produce the most solar energy <em>per person</em>?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-solar</link-url>\n <title>Annual change in solar energy generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of solar energy changing year-to-year in <em>absolute</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-percentage-change-solar</link-url>\n <title>Annual percentage change in solar energy generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How is the generation of solar energy changing year-to-year in <em>percentage</em> terms?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure></figure>\n </block>\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-energy-consumption-by-region</link-url>\n <title>Solar energy generation by region</title>\n <content></content>\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/solar-energy-consumption-by-region.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" height=\"600\" width=\"850\" /></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the amount of energy generated from solar power each year.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solar generation at scale \u2013 compared to hydropower, for example \u2013 is a relatively modern renewable energy source but is growing quickly in many countries across the world. </p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3>Installed solar capacity</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-solar-PV-capacity?tab=map\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-pv-energy-consumption-vs-solar-pv-capacity</link-url>\n <title>Solar energy capacity vs. generation</title>\n <content>\n\n<p>How does solar energy generation compare to installed solar capacity?</p>\n\n</content>\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/solar-pv-energy-consumption-vs-solar-pv-capacity.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" height=\"600\" width=\"850\" /></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>The previous section looked at the energy output from solar across the world. Energy output is a function of power (installed capacity) multiplied by the time of generation.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Energy generation is therefore a function of how much solar capacity is installed. This interactive chart shows installed solar capacity across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h3>Solar in the energy and electricity mix</h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>Share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from solar</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/solar-share-energy\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of primary <em>energy</em> that comes from solar power.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that this data is based on primary energy calculated by the ‘substitution method’ which attempts to correct for the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production. It does this by converting non-fossil fuel sources to their ‘input equivalents’: the amount of primary energy that would be required to produce the same amount of energy if it came from fossil fuels. We look at this adjustment in more detail <strong>here</strong>.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, around 1% of global energy came from solar technologies.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from solar</h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the share of <em>electricity</em> that comes from solar power.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, just over 2% of global electricity came from solar.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Biofuels</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Biofuel production</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\" src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biofuel-production\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"></iframe>\n\n\n\n<h5>Related chart:</h5>\n\n\n <block type=\"prominent-link\" style=\"is-style-thin\">\n <link-url>https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biofuels-production-by-region</link-url>\n <title>Biofuel production by region</title>\n <content>\n\n<p></p>\n\n</content>\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2020/07/biofuels-production-by-region.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" height=\"600\" width=\"850\" /></figure>\n </block></div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>Traditional biomass \u2013 the burning of charcoal, organic wastes, and crop residues \u2013 was an important energy source for a long period of human history. It remains an important source in lower-income settings today. However, high-quality estimates of energy consumption from these sources is difficult to find. BP’s Statistical Review of World Energy \u2013 our main data source on energy \u2013 only publishes data on commercially-traded energy, so traditional biomass is not included.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, modern biofuels <em>are</em> included in this energy data. Bioethanol and biodiesel \u2013 fuel made from crops such as corn, sugarcane, hemp, and cassava \u2013 are now a key transport fuel in many countries.</p>\n\n\n\n<p>This interactive chart shows modern biofuel production across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Geothermal</h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Installed geothermal capacity</h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<iframe src=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-geothermal-capacity\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px; border: 0px none;\"></iframe>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>This interactive chart shows the installed capacity of geothermal energy across the world.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Definitions</h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-left\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>SI Unit</strong></td><td><strong>Watt-hour (Wh) equivalent</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Watt-hour (Wh)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><td>Kilowatt-hour (kWh)</td><td>One thousand watt-hours (10<sup>3</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Megawatt-hour (MWh)</td><td>One million watt-hours (10<sup>6</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Gigawatt-hour (GWh)</td><td>One billion watt-hours (10<sup>9</sup> Wh)</td></tr><tr><td>Terawatt-hour (TWh)</td><td>One trillion watt-hours (10<sup>12</sup> Wh)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p>To maintain consistency between metrics and sources, we have attempted to normalise all energy data to units of watt-hours (Wh), or one of its SI prefixes. The table shows the conversion of watt-hours to the range of SI prefixes used.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Data Sources</h2>\n\n\n\n<h4>BP Statistical Review of World Energy</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> BP publishes data on Oil, Gas Coal, Nuclear Energy, Hydroelectricity, Renewables, Primary Energy Consumption, Electricity Generation, Carbon Doixide Emissions</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global \u2013 by country and region</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Annual data since 1951</li><li><strong>Available at:</strong> Online at <a href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20140605044810/http://www.bp.com:80/en/global/corporate/about-bp/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy-2013.html\">www.bp.com</a></li></ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>The Shift Project (TSP)</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Historical Energy Consumption Statistics and Historical Energy Production Statistics</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global \u2013 by country and world region</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Since 1900</li><li><strong>Available at:</strong> Both datasets are online at <a href=\"http://www.tsp-data-portal.org/all-datasets\">www.tsp-data-portal.org</a>.</li></ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>IEA \u2013 International Energy Agency</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Data on electricity, oil, gas, coal and renewables. Data on CO2 emissions (also projections)</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global \u2013 by country</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Last decades</li><li><strong>Available at: </strong>Online at <a href=\"http://data.iea.org/\">www.iea.org</a><strong><br></strong></li><li><em>The IEA is publishing the <a href=\"http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/ \">World Energy Outlook</a>.</em></li><li class=\"no-bullet\"><em><em> You have to pay to access the IEA databases. But some data is available through Gapminder, for example <a href=\"http://www.gapminder.org/world/#$majorMode=chart$is;shi=t;ly=2003;lb=f;il=t;fs=11;al=30;stl=t;st=t;nsl=t;se=t$wst;tts=C$ts;sp=8.91419354838709;ti=2010$zpv;v=0$inc_x;mmid=XCOORDS;iid=phAwcNAVuyj1jiMAkmq1iMg;by=ind$inc_y;mmid=YCOORDS;iid=0ArfEDsV3bBwCdEV1RkJqTEItQnJYVXJlZzVuc3Y3Mmc;by=ind$inc_s;uniValue=8.21;iid=phAwcNAVuyj0XOoBL_n5tAQ;by=ind$inc_c;uniValue=255;gid=CATID0;by=grp$map_x;scale=log;dataMin=282;dataMax=119849$map_y;scale=lin;dataMin=0;dataMax=98$map_s;sma=49;smi=2.65$cd;bd=0$inds=\">Residential Energy Use (%)</a>. (for few countries since 1960, for more countries since 1971 or 1981)</em></em></li></ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>Energy Information Administration</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Total and crude oil production, oil consumption, natural gas production and consumption, coal production and consumption, electricity generation and consumption, primary energy, energy intensity, CO2 emissions and imports and exports for all fuels</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Global \u2013 by country</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Annual data since 1980</li><li><strong>Available at:</strong> Online at <a href=\"http://www.eia.gov\">ww.eia.gov</a></li><li class=\"no-bullet\"><em> EIA is a US government agency.</em></li></ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>World Development Indicators \u2013 World Bank</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Geographical coverage: </strong>Global \u2013 by country and world region</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong> Last decades</li><li><strong>Data: </strong><a href=\"http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.COMM.KT.OE\">Energy use (kt of oil equivalent)</a> \u2013 <a href=\"http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE\">Energy use (kg of oil equivalent <em>per capita</em>)</a> \u2013 <a href=\"http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.EGY.PROD.KT.OE\">Energy production (kt of oil equivalent)</a><strong><br></strong></li><li class=\"no-bullet\"><em>Many more related indicators.<br></em></li></ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>Eurostat</h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Data:</strong> Production & consumption of energy.</li><li><strong>Geographical coverage:</strong> Europe</li><li><strong>Time span:</strong></li><li><strong>Data on: </strong><a href=\"http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Energy_production_and_imports\">Energy production and imports</a> \u2013 <a href=\"http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Consumption_of_energy\">Consumption of energy</a> \u2013 <a href=\"http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Electricity_production,_consumption_and_market_overview\">Electricity production, consumption and markets</a>.</li></ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>Explore more of our work on Energy</h2>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"wp-block-owid-grid \">\n\t\t\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/energy\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"COVID-19 data explorer\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/data_explorer-featured.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore all the metrics \u2013 energy production, electricity consumption, and breakdown of fossil fuels, renewable and nuclear energy.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy#country-profiles\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"COVID-19 country profiles\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/country_profiles-featured.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Get an overview of energy for any country on a single page.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://github.com/owid/energy-data\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"download complete COVID-19 dataset\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/01/download_dataset-featured.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Download our complete dataset of energy metrics on GitHub. It’s open-access and free for anyone to use.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-access\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-access.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>See how access to electricity and clean cooking fuels vary across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/energy-production-consumption\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-production.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore long-term changes in energy production and consumption across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/energy-mix\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Energy-mix.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>How much of our energy comes from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear energy? See the breakdown of the energy mix.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/electricity-mix\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Electricity-Mix.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore the breakdown of the electricity mix and how this is changing.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/fossil-fuels\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Fossil-Fuels.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>See the long-term changes in coal, oil and gas production and consumption.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/renewable-energy\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Renewable-Energy.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>How quickly are countries scaling up the production of renewable technologies? Explore the data.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"https://owid.cloud/nuclear-energy\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/02/Nuclear-Energy.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore the long-term changes in nuclear energy production across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"wp-block-owid-card with-image\" data-no-lightbox>\n <a href=\"http://ourworldindata.org/transport\">\n <figure><img width=\"768\" height=\"404\" src=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-768x404.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-768x404.png 768w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-400x210.png 400w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-800x421.png 800w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail-150x79.png 150w, https://owid.cloud/app/uploads/2021/09/transport-thumbnail.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" /></figure>\n <div class=\"text-wrapper\">\n \n <div class=\"description\">\n \n\n<p>Explore trends in transport technologies and emissions across the world.</p>\n\n\n </div>\n </div>\n </a>\n </div>\n\n\t</div>",
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"excerpt": {
"rendered": "Solar, wind, hydropower, and other renewable energy sources currently account for a small share of global energy. But they\u2019re growing quickly and can play a key role in tackling climate change.",
"protected": false
},
"date_gmt": "2020-12-17T13:50:00",
"modified": "2023-07-27T14:30:04",
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"ping_status": "closed",
"authors_name": [
"Hannah Ritchie",
"Max Roser",
"Pablo Rosado"
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"modified_gmt": "2023-07-27T13:30:04",
"comment_status": "closed",
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