id,name,unit,description,createdAt,updatedAt,code,coverage,timespan,datasetId,sourceId,shortUnit,display,columnOrder,originalMetadata,grapherConfigAdmin,shortName,catalogPath,dimensions,schemaVersion,processingLevel,processingLog,titlePublic,titleVariant,attributionShort,attribution,descriptionShort,descriptionFromProducer,descriptionKey,descriptionProcessing,licenses,license,grapherConfigETL,type,sort,dataChecksum,metadataChecksum
157837,High-technology exports (current US$),,"High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Limitations and exceptions: Because industrial sectors specializing in a few high-technology products may also produce low-technology products, the product approach is more appropriate for international trade. The method takes only R&D intensity into account, but other characteristics of high technology are also important, such as knowhow, scientific personnel, and technology embodied in patents. Considering these characteristics would yield a different list (see Hatzichronoglou 1997). The indicator is based on data reported by countries to COMTRADE. The export values presented in the World Development Indicators represent Gross Exports less Re-Exports. The values may be impacted in cases of reporting errors or missing data, for example if countries do not report Re-Exports for one or more periods.

Statistical concept and methodology: High technology products are defined according to SITC Rev.4 as the sum of the following products: Aerospace, Computers-office machines, Electronics-telecommunications, Pharmacy, Scientific instruments, Electrical machinery, Chemistry, Non-electrical machinery, Armament. The following product codes are used: Aerospace: (714 – 71489 -71499)+7921+7922+7924+7925+79291+79293+87411; Computers-office machines: 75194+75195+752+75997; Electronics-communication: 76331+7638+(764-76493-76499)+7722+77261+77318+77625+77627+7763+7764+7768+89844+89846; Pharmacy: 5413+5415+5416+5421+5422; Scientific instruments: 774+871+87211+(874-87411-8742)+88111+88121+88411+88419+(8996-89965-89969); Electrical machinery: (7786-77861-777866-77869)+7787+77884; Chemistry: 52222+52223+52229+52269+525+531+57433+591; Non-electrical machinery: 71489+71499+7187+72847+7311+73131+73135+73142+73144+73151+73153+73161+73163+73165+73312+73314+73316+7359+73733+73735; Armament: 891
The list can also be accessed on the Eurostat website. This list, based on the OECD definition, contains technical products of which the manufacturing involved a high intensity of R&D. The original high-tech products classification is based on SITC Rev. 3 and is taken from Table 4 of Annex 2 of the 1997 working paper of Thomas Hatzichronouglou, OECD. In September 2019 the definition in the World Development Indicators database was updated to SITC Rev.4 from SITC Rev. 3. The data are in current U.S. dollars and are sourced from the UN's Comtrade database.",2021-08-10 01:59:07,2023-06-15 05:05:42,TX.VAL.TECH.CD,,2007-2019,5357,18844,,{},0,{},,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
157836,High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports),,"High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.

Limitations and exceptions: Because industrial sectors specializing in a few high-technology products may also produce low-technology products, the product approach is more appropriate for international trade. The method takes only R&D intensity into account, but other characteristics of high technology are also important, such as knowhow, scientific personnel, and technology embodied in patents. Considering these characteristics would yield a different list (see Hatzichronoglou 1997).

Statistical concept and methodology: The method for determining high-technology exports was developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in collaboration with Eurostat. It takes a ""product approach"" (rather than a ""sectoral approach"") based on R&D intensity (expenditure divided by total sales) for groups of products from Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States.

The original high-tech products classification is based on SITC Rev. 3 and is taken from Table 4 of Annex 2 of the 1997 working paper of Thomas Hatzichronouglou, OECD. The methodology used to determine high-tech exports takes the ""product approach"" based on R&D intensity on products from Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States.

High Technology Products List - SITC Rev. 3:
1 Aerospace 7921+7922+7923+7924+7925+79291+79293+(714-71489-71499)+87411
2 Computers-office machines 75113+75131+75132+75134+(752-7529)+75997
3 Electronics-telecommunications 76381+76383+(764-76493-76499)
+7722+77261+77318+77625+77627+7763+7764+7768+89879
4 Pharmacy 5413+5415+5416+5421+5422
5 Scientific instruments 774+8711+8713+8714+8719+87211+(874-87411-8742)
+88111+88121+88411+88419+89961+89963+89966+89967
6 Electrical machinery 77862+77863+77864+77865+7787+77884
7 Chemistry 52222+52223+52229+52269+525+531+57433+591
8 Non-electrical machinery 71489+71499+71871+71877+71878+72847+7311+73131+73135
+73142+73144+73151+73153+73161+73163+73165
+73312+73314+73316+7359+73733+73735
9 Armament 891",2021-08-10 01:59:07,2023-06-15 05:05:42,TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS,,2007-2019,5357,18844,,{},0,{},,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,